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<!doctype html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8">
<title>Machine Learning - WordPress</title>
<meta name="description" content="Machine Learning for WordPress">
<meta name="author" content="Piero Savastano">
<meta name="apple-mobile-web-app-capable" content="yes">
<meta name="apple-mobile-web-app-status-bar-style" content="black-translucent">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0, maximum-scale=1.0, user-scalable=no, minimal-ui">
<link rel="icon" type="image/x-icon" href="favicon.ico">
<link rel="stylesheet" href="css/reveal.css">
<link rel="stylesheet" href="css/theme/moon.css" id="theme">
<link rel="stylesheet" href="css/pieroit.css">
<!-- Code syntax highlighting -->
<link rel="stylesheet" href="lib/css/zenburn.css">
<!-- Printing and PDF exports -->
<script>
var link = document.createElement( 'link' );
link.rel = 'stylesheet';
link.type = 'text/css';
link.href = window.location.search.match( /print-pdf/gi ) ? 'css/print/pdf.css' : 'css/print/paper.css';
document.getElementsByTagName( 'head' )[0].appendChild( link );
</script>
<!--[if lt IE 9]>
<script src="lib/js/html5shiv.js"></script>
<![endif]-->
</head>
<body>
<div class="reveal">
<div class="slides">
<!-- Intro -->
<section>
<h1><a href="index.html">Machine Learning</a></h1>
<div class="white">
<img src="img/wordpress_logo_long.png" />
</div>
<br />
<ul>
<li>What is useful for</li>
<li>Available plugins</li>
<li>How to integrate</li>
<li>A little code</li>
</ul>
</section>
<!-- Applications for WP -->
<section>
<h2>Applications</h2>
<div>(mostly for text)</div>
<br />
<ul>
<li>Anti-spam</li>
<li>Post recommendation</li>
<li>Post classification</li>
<li>Text analysis</li>
<li>Speech recognition</li>
<li>A/B testing</li>
<li>User login?</li>
</ul>
</section>
<!-- Available plugins -->
<section>
<h2>Available plugins</h2>
<section>
<a href="https://wordpress.org/plugins/akismet/">
<img src="img/akismet.png" width="100%" />
</a>
</section>
<section>
<a href="https://wordpress.org/plugins/wordlift/">
<img src="img/wordlift.png" width="100%" />
</a>
</section>
<section>
<a href="https://wordpress.org/plugins/yet-another-related-posts-plugin/">
<img src="img/yarpp.png" width="100%" />
</a>
</section>
</section>
<!-- How to integrate -->
<section>
<section class="white">
<h2>Integration</h2>
<ul>
<li>As a <strong>native</strong> plugin</li>
<li>As a wrapper for <strong>external</strong> services</li>
</ul>
</section>
<section class="white">
<h3>Native</h3>
<ul>
<li style="color:green">Everything inside your installation</li>
<li style="color:green">Total control</li>
<li style="color:darkred">No PHP machine learning libraries</li>
<li style="color:darkred">Training in PHP is slow</li>
<li style="color:darkred">CMS not good for training</li>
</ul>
</section>
<section class="white">
<h3>External</h3>
<ul>
<li style="color:green">Performance</li>
<li style="color:green">No stress</li>
<li style="color:darkred">Pay or maintain another system</li>
</ul>
</section>
<section class="white">
<h2>Takeaway</h2>
<ul>
<li>
<h3 style="color:darkred">Training/Algorithm (WP KO)</h3>
</li>
<li>
<h3 style="color:green">Model (WP OK)</h3>
</li>
<li>
<h3>Rest API is our friend</h3>
</li>
</ul>
</section>
<section>
<img src="img/make_your_choice.jpg" width="600px">
</section>
</section>
<!-- Example recommendation plugin for WP-->
<section data-background="img/graph_viz.png" class="white">
<h2>Let's write a model</h2>
<ul>
<li><strong>Data:</strong> blog posts</li>
<li><strong>Algorithm:</strong> text similarity</li>
<li><strong>Model:</strong> graph stored in <code>wp_postmeta</code></li>
<li><strong>Recommend!</strong></li>
</ul>
</section>
<section>
<h2>Algorithm</h2>
<section>
<div>Jaccard/Tanimoto index</div>
<img width="80%" src="img/tanimoto_php.png" />
</section>
<section>
<div>Jaccard/Tanimoto index</div>
<pre><code class="hljs php" data-trim>
public static function similarity( $post_id_a, $post_id_b ) {
// Transform each post in a bag of words
$bow_a = self::post_2_bag_of_words( $post_id_a );
$bow_b = self::post_2_bag_of_words( $post_id_b );
// Compute Tanimoto
$intersection = array_unique( array_intersect( $bow_a, $bow_b ) );
$union = array_unique( array_merge( $bow_a, $bow_b ) );
return count( $intersection ) / count( $union );
}
</code></pre>
</section>
<section>
<div>Bag of Words</div>
<pre><code class="hljs php" data-trim>
public static function post_2_bag_of_words( $post_id ) {
$post = get_post( $post_id );
// Take away HTML
$post_content = $post->post_content;
$clean_content = strtolower( wp_strip_all_tags( $post_content ) );
// Take away punctuation
$clean_content = str_replace( array(".", ",", ":", ";", "!", "?", "'", '"', "(", ")" ), "", $clean_content );
// Split tokens
$tokens = array_unique( explode( " ", $clean_content ) );
// Take away stopwords
return array_diff( $tokens, self::$stopwords );
}
</code></pre>
</section>
</section>
<!-- Build similarity graph -->
<section>
<h2>Similarity graph</h2>
<section>
<span>
<img width="100%" src="img/similarity_graph.jpg" />
</span>
</section>
<section>
<span>
<img width="100%" src="img/wp_recommendations_post_meta.png" />
</span>
</section>
<section>
<pre style="width:100%"><code class="hljs php" data-trim contenteditable>
function dropout_update_recommendations( $post_id ) {
// Take latest 10 posts
$latest_posts = wp_get_recent_posts(
array(
'numberposts' => 10,
'post_type' => array( 'post', 'page' )
)
);
$similarities = array();
foreach( $latest_posts as $another_post ){
if( $another_post['ID'] !== $post_id ) {
// Measure similarity
$similarity = Dropout::similarity( $post_id, $another_post['ID'] );
$similarities[ $another_post['ID'] ] = $similarity;
// Update similarities for the other post
$already_computed_similarities = get_post_meta( $another_post['ID'], 'dropout_recommendations', true );
$already_computed_similarities[$post_id] = $similarity;
update_post_meta( $another_post['ID'], 'dropout_recommendations', $already_computed_similarities );
}
}
// Save recommendations for this post
update_post_meta( $post_id, 'dropout_recommendations', $similarities );
}
add_action( 'save_post', 'dropout_update_recommendations' );
</code></pre>
</section>
<section>
<pre><code class="hljs php" data-trim contenteditable>
function dropout_get_recommendations( $content ) {
$recommendations = get_post_meta( get_the_ID(), 'dropout_recommendations', true );
arsort( $recommendations ); // Sort by similarity
$html = '<h3>See also</h3><ul>';
foreach( $recommendations as $recom_id => $similarity ) {
$recom_post = get_post( $recom_id );
$html .= '<li><a href="' . get_permalink($recom_post->ID) . '">' . $recom_post->post_title . '</a> (' . $similarity .')</li>';
}
$html .= '</ul>';
return $content . $html;
}
add_filter( 'the_content', 'dropout_get_recommendations' );
</code></pre>
</section>
</section>
<!-- Demo -->
<section>
<img width="800px" src="img/demo.jpg" />
<div>
<a href="https://github.com/pieroit/dropout-plugin">Show me the code!</a>
</div>
</section>
</div>
<script src="lib/js/head.min.js"></script>
<script src="js/reveal.js"></script>
<script>
// Full list of configuration options available at:
// https://github.com/hakimel/reveal.js#configuration
Reveal.initialize({
controls: true,
progress: true,
history: true,
center: true,
transition: 'slide', // none/fade/slide/convex/concave/zoom
// Optional reveal.js plugins
dependencies: [
{ src: 'lib/js/classList.js', condition: function() { return !document.body.classList; } },
{ src: 'plugin/markdown/marked.js', condition: function() { return !!document.querySelector( '[data-markdown]' ); } },
{ src: 'plugin/markdown/markdown.js', condition: function() { return !!document.querySelector( '[data-markdown]' ); } },
{ src: 'plugin/highlight/highlight.js', async: true, callback: function() { hljs.initHighlightingOnLoad(); } },
{ src: 'plugin/zoom-js/zoom.js', async: true },
{ src: 'plugin/notes/notes.js', async: true }
]
});
</script>
</body>
</html>