diff --git a/dev/config/src/vite/vite.test.config.ts b/dev/config/src/vite/vite.test.config.ts
index 17a3820f29..537e9eee8a 100644
--- a/dev/config/src/vite/vite.test.config.ts
+++ b/dev/config/src/vite/vite.test.config.ts
@@ -11,6 +11,7 @@
 // WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
 // See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 // limitations under the License.
+
 import { defineConfig } from "vitest/config";
 import VitePluginCloseAndCopy from "./vite-plugin-close-and-copy.js";
 import VitePluginSourcemapExclude from "./vite-plugin-sourcemap-exclude.js";
diff --git a/packages/common/src/error.ts b/packages/common/src/error.ts
index f26ad8dc6a..03fb6e4084 100644
--- a/packages/common/src/error.ts
+++ b/packages/common/src/error.ts
@@ -13,7 +13,9 @@
 // limitations under the License.
 
 import { type TranslationKey, i18n as i18next } from "@prosopo/locale";
+import { ZodError } from "zod";
 import { type LogLevel, type Logger, getLoggerDefault } from "./index.js";
+import type { ApiJsonError } from "./types.js";
 
 type BaseErrorOptions<ContextType> = {
 	name?: string;
@@ -70,6 +72,9 @@ export abstract class ProsopoBaseError<
 	private logError(logger: Logger, logLevel: LogLevel, errorName?: string) {
 		const errorParams = { error: this.message, context: this.context };
 		const errorMessage = { errorType: errorName || this.name, errorParams };
+		if (logLevel === "debug") {
+			logger.debug(this.stack);
+		}
 		logger[logLevel](errorMessage);
 	}
 }
@@ -176,3 +181,42 @@ export class ProsopoApiError extends ProsopoBaseError<ApiContextParams> {
 		this.code = code;
 	}
 }
+
+export const unwrapError = (err: ProsopoBaseError | SyntaxError | ZodError) => {
+	const code = "code" in err ? (err.code as number) : 400;
+	let message = i18next.t(err.message);
+	let jsonError: ApiJsonError = { code, message };
+	let statusMessage = err.message;
+	jsonError.message = message;
+	// unwrap the errors to get the actual error message
+	while (err instanceof ProsopoBaseError && err.context) {
+		// base error will not have a translation key
+		jsonError.key =
+			err.context.translationKey || err.translationKey || "API.UNKNOWN";
+		jsonError.message = err.message;
+		if (err.context.error) {
+			err = err.context.error;
+		} else {
+			break;
+		}
+	}
+
+	if (isZodError(err)) {
+		message = i18next.t("API.PARSE_ERROR");
+		statusMessage = message;
+		if (typeof err.message === "object") {
+			jsonError = err.message;
+		} else {
+			jsonError.message = JSON.parse(err.message);
+		}
+	}
+
+	jsonError.code = jsonError.code || code;
+	return { code, statusMessage, jsonError };
+};
+
+export const isZodError = (err: unknown): err is ZodError => {
+	return Boolean(
+		err && (err instanceof ZodError || (err as ZodError).name === "ZodError"),
+	);
+};
diff --git a/packages/common/src/index.ts b/packages/common/src/index.ts
index 3211006c89..81107a1307 100644
--- a/packages/common/src/index.ts
+++ b/packages/common/src/index.ts
@@ -17,3 +17,4 @@ export * from "./logger.js";
 export * from "./array.js";
 export * from "./hash.js";
 export * from "./string.js";
+export * from "./types.js";
diff --git a/packages/common/src/types.ts b/packages/common/src/types.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..f3c025f8a5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/common/src/types.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+// Copyright 2021-2024 Prosopo (UK) Ltd.
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+export type ApiJsonError = {
+	message: string;
+	key?: string;
+	code: number;
+};
diff --git a/packages/locale/src/locales/de.json b/packages/locale/src/locales/de.json
index b9e8b101a3..6aa2eda2cb 100644
--- a/packages/locale/src/locales/de.json
+++ b/packages/locale/src/locales/de.json
@@ -108,7 +108,10 @@
 		"INCORRECT_CAPTCHA_TYPE": "Falscher CAPTCHA-Typ",
 		"UNAUTHORIZED_ORIGIN_URL": "Nicht autorisierte Ursprungs-URL",
 		"INVALID_SITE_KEY": "Ungültiger Site-Schlüssel",
-		"INVALID_IP": "Ungültige IP"
+		"INVALID_IP": "Ungültige IP",
+		"INVALID_URL": "Ungültiger URL",
+		"INVALID_BODY": "Ungültiger Körper",
+		"PARSE_ERROR": "Fehler beim Parsen der Anfrage"
 	},
 	"CLI": {
 		"PARAMETER_ERROR": "Ungültiger Parameter"
diff --git a/packages/locale/src/locales/en.json b/packages/locale/src/locales/en.json
index 975e877d80..92e056e8c4 100644
--- a/packages/locale/src/locales/en.json
+++ b/packages/locale/src/locales/en.json
@@ -108,7 +108,10 @@
 		"INCORRECT_CAPTCHA_TYPE": "Incorrect CAPTCHA type",
 		"INVALID_SITE_KEY": "Invalid site key",
 		"UNAUTHORIZED_ORIGIN_URL": "Unauthorized origin URL",
-		"INVALID_IP": "Invalid IP"
+		"INVALID_IP": "Invalid IP",
+		"INVALID_URL": "Invalid URL",
+		"INVALID_BODY": "Invalid body",
+		"PARSE_ERROR": "Error parsing request"
 	},
 	"CLI": {
 		"PARAMETER_ERROR": "Invalid parameter"
diff --git a/packages/locale/src/locales/es.json b/packages/locale/src/locales/es.json
index d7145e10c7..02eda4de68 100644
--- a/packages/locale/src/locales/es.json
+++ b/packages/locale/src/locales/es.json
@@ -108,7 +108,10 @@
 		"INCORRECT_CAPTCHA_TYPE": "Tipo di CAPTCHA errato",
 		"UNAUTHORIZED_ORIGIN_URL": "URL de origen no autorizada",
 		"INVALID_SITE_KEY": "Clave de sitio no válida",
-		"INVALID_IP": "IP no válida"
+		"INVALID_IP": "IP no válida",
+		"INVALID_URL": "URL inválida",
+		"INVALID_BODY": "Cuerpo inválido",
+		"PARSE_ERROR": "Error al analizar la respuesta"
 	},
 	"CLI": {
 		"PARAMETER_ERROR": "Parámetro inválido"
diff --git a/packages/locale/src/locales/fr.json b/packages/locale/src/locales/fr.json
index f50d99a28a..234d0c722b 100644
--- a/packages/locale/src/locales/fr.json
+++ b/packages/locale/src/locales/fr.json
@@ -108,7 +108,10 @@
 		"INCORRECT_CAPTCHA_TYPE": "Type de CAPTCHA incorrect",
 		"UNAUTHORIZED_ORIGIN_URL": "URL d'origine non autorisée",
 		"INVALID_SITE_KEY": "Clé de site non valide",
-		"INVALID_IP": "IP invalide"
+		"INVALID_IP": "IP invalide",
+		"INVALID_URL": "URL inválida",
+		"INVALID_BODY": "Cuerpo inválido",
+		"PARSE_ERROR": "Erreur d'analyse de la demande"
 	},
 	"CLI": {
 		"PARAMETER_ERROR": "Paramètre invalide"
diff --git a/packages/locale/src/locales/it.json b/packages/locale/src/locales/it.json
index 08aca80628..9609f7dacd 100644
--- a/packages/locale/src/locales/it.json
+++ b/packages/locale/src/locales/it.json
@@ -108,7 +108,10 @@
 		"INCORRECT_CAPTCHA_TYPE": "Tipo di CAPTCHA errato",
 		"UNAUTHORIZED_ORIGIN_URL": "URL di origine non autorizzato",
 		"INVALID_SITE_KEY": "Chiave del sito non valida",
-		"INVALID_IP": "IP non valido"
+		"INVALID_IP": "IP non valido",
+		"INVALID_URL": "URL non valido",
+		"INVALID_BODY": "Corpo non valido",
+		"PARSE_ERROR": "Errore nell'analisi della richiesta"
 	},
 	"CLI": {
 		"PARAMETER_ERROR": "Parametro non valido"
diff --git a/packages/locale/src/locales/pt-BR.json b/packages/locale/src/locales/pt-BR.json
index 012cfba53c..21b16378d7 100644
--- a/packages/locale/src/locales/pt-BR.json
+++ b/packages/locale/src/locales/pt-BR.json
@@ -108,7 +108,10 @@
 		"INCORRECT_CAPTCHA_TYPE": "Tipo de CAPTCHA incorreto",
 		"UNAUTHORIZED_ORIGIN_URL": "URL de origem não autorizada",
 		"INVALID_SITE_KEY": "Chave de site inválida",
-		"INVALID_IP": "IP inválido"
+		"INVALID_IP": "IP inválido",
+		"INVALID_URL": "URL inválido",
+		"INVALID_BODY": "Corpo inválido",
+		"PARSE_ERROR": "Erro ao analisar a resposta"
 	},
 	"CLI": {
 		"PARAMETER_ERROR": "Parâmetro inválido"
diff --git a/packages/locale/src/locales/pt.json b/packages/locale/src/locales/pt.json
index a223830a64..042f116f95 100644
--- a/packages/locale/src/locales/pt.json
+++ b/packages/locale/src/locales/pt.json
@@ -108,7 +108,10 @@
 		"INCORRECT_CAPTCHA_TYPE": "Tipo de CAPTCHA incorreto",
 		"UNAUTHORIZED_ORIGIN_URL": "URL de origem não autorizada",
 		"INVALID_SITE_KEY": "Chave de site inválida",
-		"INVALID_IP": "IP inválido"
+		"INVALID_IP": "IP inválido",
+		"INVALID_URL": "URL inválido",
+		"INVALID_BODY": "Corpo inválido",
+		"PARSE_ERROR": "Erro ao analisar a resposta"
 	},
 	"CLI": {
 		"PARAMETER_ERROR": "Parâmetro inválido"
diff --git a/packages/provider/src/api/captcha.ts b/packages/provider/src/api/captcha.ts
index 0cd896f5a7..0355a0251c 100644
--- a/packages/provider/src/api/captcha.ts
+++ b/packages/provider/src/api/captcha.ts
@@ -26,29 +26,21 @@ import {
 	type CaptchaSolutionResponse,
 	type DappUserSolutionResult,
 	GetFrictionlessCaptchaChallengeRequestBody,
-	type GetFrictionlessCaptchaResponse,
 	GetPowCaptchaChallengeRequestBody,
 	type GetPowCaptchaChallengeRequestBodyTypeOutput,
 	type GetPowCaptchaResponse,
 	type PowCaptchaSolutionResponse,
 	SubmitPowCaptchaSolutionBody,
 	type SubmitPowCaptchaSolutionBodyTypeOutput,
-	type TGetImageCaptchaChallengePathAndParams,
 } from "@prosopo/types";
-import {
-	FrictionlessToken,
-	FrictionlessTokenRecord,
-} from "@prosopo/types-database";
 import type { ProviderEnvironment } from "@prosopo/types-env";
-import { flatten, version } from "@prosopo/util";
+import { flatten } from "@prosopo/util";
 import express, { type Router } from "express";
-import { v4 as uuidv4 } from "uuid";
 import { getBotScore } from "../tasks/detection/getBotScore.js";
 import { Tasks } from "../tasks/tasks.js";
 import { getIPAddress } from "../util.js";
 import { handleErrors } from "./errorHandler.js";
 
-const NO_IP_ADDRESS = "NO_IP_ADDRESS" as const;
 const DEFAULT_FRICTIONLESS_THRESHOLD = 0.5;
 
 /**
diff --git a/packages/provider/src/api/errorHandler.ts b/packages/provider/src/api/errorHandler.ts
index b192942a99..f87ba4d978 100644
--- a/packages/provider/src/api/errorHandler.ts
+++ b/packages/provider/src/api/errorHandler.ts
@@ -12,11 +12,9 @@
 // See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 // limitations under the License.
 // We need the unused params to make express recognise this function as an error handler
-import { type ProsopoApiError, ProsopoBaseError } from "@prosopo/common";
-import { i18n as i18next } from "@prosopo/locale";
-import type { ApiJsonError } from "@prosopo/types";
+import { type ProsopoApiError, unwrapError } from "@prosopo/common";
 import type { NextFunction, Request, Response } from "express";
-import { ZodError } from "zod";
+import type { ZodError } from "zod";
 
 export const handleErrors = (
 	err: ProsopoApiError | SyntaxError | ZodError,
@@ -31,36 +29,3 @@ export const handleErrors = (
 	response.send({ error: jsonError });
 	response.end();
 };
-
-export const unwrapError = (err: ProsopoApiError | SyntaxError | ZodError) => {
-	const code = "code" in err ? err.code : 400;
-	let message = err.message;
-	let jsonError: ApiJsonError = { code, message };
-	let statusMessage = err.message;
-	jsonError.message = message;
-	// unwrap the errors to get the actual error message
-	while (err instanceof ProsopoBaseError && err.context) {
-		// base error will not have a translation key
-		jsonError.code =
-			err.context.translationKey || err.translationKey || jsonError.code;
-		jsonError.message = err.message;
-		if (err.context.error) {
-			err = err.context.error;
-		} else {
-			break;
-		}
-	}
-
-	if (err instanceof ZodError) {
-		message = i18next.t("CAPTCHA.PARSE_ERROR");
-		statusMessage = message;
-		if (typeof err.message === "object") {
-			jsonError = err.message;
-		} else {
-			jsonError.message = JSON.parse(err.message);
-		}
-	}
-
-	jsonError.code = jsonError.code || code;
-	return { code, statusMessage, jsonError };
-};
diff --git a/packages/provider/src/tests/unit/api/errorHandler.unit.test.ts b/packages/provider/src/tests/unit/api/errorHandler.unit.test.ts
index fe23c2c749..9d64596c3a 100644
--- a/packages/provider/src/tests/unit/api/errorHandler.unit.test.ts
+++ b/packages/provider/src/tests/unit/api/errorHandler.unit.test.ts
@@ -33,7 +33,10 @@ describe("handleErrors", () => {
 		} as unknown as Response;
 		const mockNext = vi.fn() as unknown as NextFunction;
 
-		const error = new ProsopoApiError("CONTRACT.INVALID_DATA_FORMAT");
+		const error = new ProsopoApiError("CONTRACT.INVALID_DATA_FORMAT", {
+			context: { code: 400 },
+		});
+		console.log(error);
 
 		handleErrors(error, mockRequest, mockResponse, mockNext);
 
@@ -43,11 +46,12 @@ describe("handleErrors", () => {
 		);
 		expect(mockResponse.send).toHaveBeenCalledWith({
 			error: {
-				code: "CONTRACT.INVALID_DATA_FORMAT",
+				code: 400,
+				key: "CONTRACT.INVALID_DATA_FORMAT",
 				message: "Invalid data format",
 			},
 		});
-		expect(mockResponse.status).toHaveBeenCalledWith(500);
+		expect(mockResponse.status).toHaveBeenCalledWith(400);
 		expect(mockResponse.end).toHaveBeenCalled();
 	});
 
@@ -136,7 +140,8 @@ describe("handleErrors", () => {
 		expect(mockResponse.status).toHaveBeenCalledWith(500);
 		expect(mockResponse.send).toHaveBeenCalledWith({
 			error: {
-				code: "GENERAL.ENVIRONMENT_NOT_READY",
+				code: 500,
+				key: "GENERAL.ENVIRONMENT_NOT_READY",
 				message: "Environment not ready",
 			},
 		});
diff --git a/packages/types/src/provider/api.ts b/packages/types/src/provider/api.ts
index f909c6050a..d72330facb 100644
--- a/packages/types/src/provider/api.ts
+++ b/packages/types/src/provider/api.ts
@@ -12,6 +12,7 @@
 // See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 // limitations under the License.
 
+import type { ApiJsonError } from "@prosopo/common";
 import type { Address4, Address6 } from "ip-address";
 import {
 	type ZodDefault,
@@ -230,11 +231,6 @@ export interface ProviderRegistered {
 	status: "Registered" | "Unregistered";
 }
 
-export type ApiJsonError = {
-	message: string;
-	code: number;
-};
-
 export interface ApiResponse {
 	[ApiParams.status]: string;
 	[ApiParams.error]?: ApiJsonError;