diff --git a/NEWS.md b/NEWS.md
index 37ac7995..1c9ceff3 100644
--- a/NEWS.md
+++ b/NEWS.md
@@ -1,5 +1,7 @@
 # xml2 (development version)
 
+* `xml_parent()` now supports passing `deduplicate = TRUE` to avoid de-duplication of nodes in the returned nodeset.
+
 * `xml_find_all.xml_nodeset()` gains a `flatten` argument to control whether to return a single nodeset or a list of nodesets (#311, @jakejh)
 
 * `write_xml()` and `write_html()` now return NULL invisibly, as they did prior to version 1.3.0 (#307)
diff --git a/R/classes.R b/R/classes.R
index 14a9b722..a13e5914 100644
--- a/R/classes.R
+++ b/R/classes.R
@@ -81,10 +81,10 @@ xml_nodeset <- function(nodes = list(), deduplicate = TRUE) {
 #' @param nodes A list (possible nested) of external pointers to nodes
 #' @return a nodeset
 #' @noRd
-make_nodeset <- function(nodes, doc) {
+make_nodeset <- function(nodes, doc, ...) {
   nodes <- unlist(nodes, recursive = FALSE)
 
-  xml_nodeset(lapply(nodes, xml_node, doc = doc))
+  xml_nodeset(lapply(nodes, xml_node, doc = doc), ...)
 }
 
 #' @export
@@ -147,7 +147,7 @@ nodeset_apply.xml_missing <- function(x, fun, ...) {
 }
 
 #' @export
-nodeset_apply.xml_nodeset <- function(x, fun, ...) {
+nodeset_apply.xml_nodeset <- function(x, fun, ..., deduplicate = TRUE) {
   if (length(x) == 0)
     return(xml_nodeset())
 
@@ -159,7 +159,7 @@ nodeset_apply.xml_nodeset <- function(x, fun, ...) {
     res[!is_missing] <- lapply(x[!is_missing], function(x) fun(x$node, ...))
   }
 
-  make_nodeset(res, x[[1]]$doc)
+  make_nodeset(res, x[[1]]$doc, deduplicate = deduplicate)
 }
 
 #' @export
diff --git a/R/xml_children.R b/R/xml_children.R
index faabd857..731b98ca 100644
--- a/R/xml_children.R
+++ b/R/xml_children.R
@@ -13,6 +13,7 @@
 #' @param search For `xml_child`, either the child number to return (by
 #'   position), or the name of the child node to return. If there are multiple
 #'   child nodes with the same name, the first will be returned
+#' @param ... Additional options passed to internal functions.
 #' @return A node or nodeset (possibly empty). Results are always de-duplicated.
 #' @export
 #' @examples
@@ -24,6 +25,9 @@
 #' # Note the each unique node only appears once in the output
 #' xml_parent(xml_children(x))
 #'
+#' # But you avoid this deduplication if needed
+#' xml_parent(xml_children(x), deduplicate = FALSE)
+#'
 #' # Mixed content
 #' x <- read_xml("<foo> a <b/> c <d>e</d> f</foo>")
 #' # Childen gets the elements, contents gets all node types
@@ -37,8 +41,8 @@
 #' xml_child(x)
 #' xml_child(x, 2)
 #' xml_child(x, "baz")
-xml_children <- function(x) {
-  nodeset_apply(x, function(x) .Call(node_children, x, TRUE))
+xml_children <- function(x, ...) {
+  nodeset_apply(x, function(x) .Call(node_children, x, TRUE), ...)
 }
 
 #' @export
@@ -65,8 +69,8 @@ xml_contents <- function(x) {
 
 #' @export
 #' @rdname xml_children
-xml_parents <- function(x) {
-  nodeset_apply(x, function(x) .Call(node_parents, x))
+xml_parents <- function(x, ...) {
+  nodeset_apply(x, function(x) .Call(node_parents, x), ...)
 }
 
 #' @export
@@ -77,23 +81,23 @@ xml_siblings <- function(x) {
 
 #' @export
 #' @rdname xml_children
-xml_parent <- function(x) {
+xml_parent <- function(x, ...) {
   UseMethod("xml_parent")
 }
 
 #' @export
-xml_parent.xml_missing <- function(x) {
+xml_parent.xml_missing <- function(x, ...) {
   xml_missing()
 }
 
 #' @export
-xml_parent.xml_node <- function(x) {
+xml_parent.xml_node <- function(x, ...) {
   xml_node(.Call(node_parent, x$node), x$doc)
 }
 
 #' @export
-xml_parent.xml_nodeset <- function(x) {
-  nodeset_apply(x, function(x) .Call(node_parent, x))
+xml_parent.xml_nodeset <- function(x, ...) {
+  nodeset_apply(x, function(x) .Call(node_parent, x), ...)
 }
 
 
diff --git a/man/xml_children.Rd b/man/xml_children.Rd
index 076182f6..bdefca2f 100644
--- a/man/xml_children.Rd
+++ b/man/xml_children.Rd
@@ -11,17 +11,17 @@
 \alias{xml_root}
 \title{Navigate around the family tree.}
 \usage{
-xml_children(x)
+xml_children(x, ...)
 
 xml_child(x, search = 1, ns = xml_ns(x))
 
 xml_contents(x)
 
-xml_parents(x)
+xml_parents(x, ...)
 
 xml_siblings(x)
 
-xml_parent(x)
+xml_parent(x, ...)
 
 xml_length(x, only_elements = TRUE)
 
@@ -30,6 +30,8 @@ xml_root(x)
 \arguments{
 \item{x}{A document, node, or node set.}
 
+\item{...}{Additional options passed to internal functions.}
+
 \item{search}{For \code{xml_child}, either the child number to return (by
 position), or the name of the child node to return. If there are multiple
 child nodes with the same name, the first will be returned}
@@ -65,6 +67,9 @@ xml_siblings(xml_children(x)[[1]])
 # Note the each unique node only appears once in the output
 xml_parent(xml_children(x))
 
+# But you avoid this deduplication if needed
+xml_parent(xml_children(x), deduplicate = FALSE)
+
 # Mixed content
 x <- read_xml("<foo> a <b/> c <d>e</d> f</foo>")
 # Childen gets the elements, contents gets all node types