target/riscv: check misa value before reporting

Currently, during register file examination:
1. A read of an XPR is attempted via 64-bit abstract access.
2. If such a read fails (e.g. connection unstable) XLEN is assumed to be
   32.
3. Then `misa` is read. Since `misa` is a CSR and it may be only
   readable via program buffer, `s0` should be readable beforehand (at
   least some assumption about `xlen` should be made).
4. Before the commit, the `misa.mxl` field was not checked against
   `xlen`, therefore erroneous info may have been reported to the user.
   Moreover, the `examine()` would pass indicating no error at all.
5. After the commit, `misa.mxl` is checked against `xlen` value.

Change-Id: I3fe5bd6742e564e6de782aad9ed10e65c0728923
Signed-off-by: Evgeniy Naydanov <[email protected]>

src/target/riscv/riscv-013_reg.c

@@ -5,6 +5,7 @@
 #endif
 
 #include "riscv-013_reg.h"
+#include "field_helpers.h"
 
 #include "riscv_reg.h"
 #include "riscv_reg_impl.h"
@@ -173,6 +174,64 @@ static int examine_vlenb(struct target *target)
 	return ERROR_OK;
 }
 
+enum misa_mxl {
+	MISA_MXL_INVALID = 0,
+	MISA_MXL_32 = 1,
+	MISA_MXL_64 = 2,
+	MISA_MXL_128 = 3
+};
+
+enum misa_mxl xlen_to_mxl(unsigned int xlen)
+{
+	switch (xlen) {
+	case 32:
+		return MISA_MXL_32;
+	case 64:
+		return MISA_MXL_64;
+	case 128:
+		return MISA_MXL_128;
+	}
+	return MISA_MXL_INVALID;
+}
+
+static int check_misa_mxl(const struct target *target)
+{
+	RISCV_INFO(r);
+
+	if (r->misa == 0) {
+		LOG_TARGET_WARNING(target, "'misa' register is read as zero."
+				"OpenOCD will not be able to determine some hart's capabilities.");
+		return ERROR_OK;
+	}
+	const unsigned int xlen = riscv_xlen(target);
+	assert(xlen <= sizeof(riscv_reg_t) * CHAR_BIT);
+	assert(xlen >= 2);
+	riscv_reg_t misa_mxl_field = (riscv_reg_t)0x3 << (xlen - 2);
+	const unsigned int mxl = get_field(r->misa, misa_mxl_field);
+	/* RISC-V Debug Spec. requires "DXLEN" to be the widest. */
+	if (mxl == MISA_MXL_INVALID || xlen_to_mxl(xlen) < mxl) {
+		LOG_TARGET_ERROR(target,
+				"'misa.mxl' field's value of %u does not "
+				" coincide with 'xlen' of %u.",
+				mxl, xlen);
+		return ERROR_FAIL;
+	}
+	/** NOTE:
+	 * The value of "misa.mxl" may stil not coincide with "xlen".
+	 * "misa[26:XLEN-3]" bits are marked as WIRI in at least version 1.10
+	 * of RISC-V Priveleged Spec. Therefore, if "xlen" is erroneously
+	 * assumed to be 32 when it actually is 64, "actual_mxl" will be read
+	 * from this WIRI field and may be equal to "MISA_MXL_32" by
+	 * coincidence.  This is not an issue though from the version 1.11
+	 * onward, since "misa[26:XLEN-3]" became WARL and equal to 0.
+	 */
+
+	/* Display this as early as possible to help people who are using
+	 * really slow simulators. */
+	LOG_TARGET_DEBUG(target, " XLEN=%d, misa=0x%" PRIx64, riscv_xlen(target), r->misa);
+	return ERROR_OK;
+}
+
 static int examine_misa(struct target *target)
 {
 	RISCV_INFO(r);
@@ -184,8 +243,7 @@ static int examine_misa(struct target *target)
 	res = riscv_reg_get(target, &r->misa, GDB_REGNO_MISA);
 	if (res != ERROR_OK)
 		return res;
-
-	return ERROR_OK;
+	return check_misa_mxl(target);
 }
 
 static int examine_mtopi(struct target *target)
@@ -226,8 +284,6 @@ static int examine_mtopi(struct target *target)
  */
 int riscv013_reg_examine_all(struct target *target)
 {
-	RISCV_INFO(r);
-
 	int res = riscv_reg_impl_init_cache(target);
 	if (res != ERROR_OK)
 		return res;
@@ -253,10 +309,6 @@ int riscv013_reg_examine_all(struct target *target)
 	if (res != ERROR_OK)
 		return res;
 
-	/* Display this as early as possible to help people who are using
-	 * really slow simulators. */
-	LOG_TARGET_DEBUG(target, " XLEN=%d, misa=0x%" PRIx64, riscv_xlen(target), r->misa);
-
 	res = examine_vlenb(target);
 	if (res != ERROR_OK)
 		return res;