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helpers.go
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helpers.go
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// ⚡️ Fiber is an Express inspired web framework written in Go with ☕️
// 🤖 Github Repository: https://github.com/gofiber/fiber
// 📌 API Documentation: https://docs.gofiber.io
package fiber
import (
"bytes"
"crypto/tls"
"errors"
"fmt"
"io"
"net"
"os"
"path/filepath"
"reflect"
"strconv"
"strings"
"sync"
"time"
"unsafe"
"github.com/gofiber/fiber/v3/log"
"github.com/gofiber/utils/v2"
"github.com/valyala/bytebufferpool"
"github.com/valyala/fasthttp"
)
// acceptedType is a struct that holds the parsed value of an Accept header
// along with quality, specificity, parameters, and order.
// Used for sorting accept headers.
type acceptedType struct {
params headerParams
spec string
quality float64
specificity int
order int
}
type headerParams map[string][]byte
// getTLSConfig returns a net listener's tls config
func getTLSConfig(ln net.Listener) *tls.Config {
// Get listener type
pointer := reflect.ValueOf(ln)
// Is it a tls.listener?
if pointer.String() != "<*tls.listener Value>" {
return nil
}
// Copy value from pointer
if val := reflect.Indirect(pointer); val.Type() != nil {
// Get private field from value
if field := val.FieldByName("config"); field.Type() != nil {
// Copy value from pointer field (unsafe)
newval := reflect.NewAt(field.Type(), unsafe.Pointer(field.UnsafeAddr())) //nolint:gosec // Probably the only way to extract the *tls.Config from a net.Listener. TODO: Verify there really is no easier way without using unsafe.
if newval.Type() == nil {
return nil
}
// Get element from pointer
if elem := newval.Elem(); elem.Type() != nil {
// Cast value to *tls.Config
c, ok := elem.Interface().(*tls.Config)
if !ok {
panic(errors.New("failed to type-assert to *tls.Config"))
}
return c
}
}
}
return nil
}
// readContent opens a named file and read content from it
func readContent(rf io.ReaderFrom, name string) (int64, error) {
// Read file
f, err := os.Open(filepath.Clean(name))
if err != nil {
return 0, fmt.Errorf("failed to open: %w", err)
}
defer func() {
if err = f.Close(); err != nil {
log.Errorf("Error closing file: %s", err)
}
}()
if n, err := rf.ReadFrom(f); err != nil {
return n, fmt.Errorf("failed to read: %w", err)
}
return 0, nil
}
// quoteString escape special characters in a given string
func (app *App) quoteString(raw string) string {
bb := bytebufferpool.Get()
quoted := app.getString(fasthttp.AppendQuotedArg(bb.B, app.getBytes(raw)))
bytebufferpool.Put(bb)
return quoted
}
// Scan stack if other methods match the request
func (app *App) methodExist(c *DefaultCtx) bool {
var exists bool
methods := app.config.RequestMethods
for i := 0; i < len(methods); i++ {
// Skip original method
if c.getMethodINT() == i {
continue
}
// Reset stack index
c.setIndexRoute(-1)
tree, ok := c.App().treeStack[i][c.getTreePath()]
if !ok {
tree = c.App().treeStack[i][""]
}
// Get stack length
lenr := len(tree) - 1
// Loop over the route stack starting from previous index
for c.getIndexRoute() < lenr {
// Increment route index
c.setIndexRoute(c.getIndexRoute() + 1)
// Get *Route
route := tree[c.getIndexRoute()]
// Skip use routes
if route.use {
continue
}
// Check if it matches the request path
match := route.match(c.getDetectionPath(), c.Path(), c.getValues())
// No match, next route
if match {
// We matched
exists = true
// Add method to Allow header
c.Append(HeaderAllow, methods[i])
// Break stack loop
break
}
}
}
return exists
}
// Scan stack if other methods match the request
func (app *App) methodExistCustom(c CustomCtx) bool {
var exists bool
methods := app.config.RequestMethods
for i := 0; i < len(methods); i++ {
// Skip original method
if c.getMethodINT() == i {
continue
}
// Reset stack index
c.setIndexRoute(-1)
tree, ok := c.App().treeStack[i][c.getTreePath()]
if !ok {
tree = c.App().treeStack[i][""]
}
// Get stack length
lenr := len(tree) - 1
// Loop over the route stack starting from previous index
for c.getIndexRoute() < lenr {
// Increment route index
c.setIndexRoute(c.getIndexRoute() + 1)
// Get *Route
route := tree[c.getIndexRoute()]
// Skip use routes
if route.use {
continue
}
// Check if it matches the request path
match := route.match(c.getDetectionPath(), c.Path(), c.getValues())
// No match, next route
if match {
// We matched
exists = true
// Add method to Allow header
c.Append(HeaderAllow, methods[i])
// Break stack loop
break
}
}
}
return exists
}
// uniqueRouteStack drop all not unique routes from the slice
func uniqueRouteStack(stack []*Route) []*Route {
var unique []*Route
m := make(map[*Route]int)
for _, v := range stack {
if _, ok := m[v]; !ok {
// Unique key found. Record position and collect
// in result.
m[v] = len(unique)
unique = append(unique, v)
}
}
return unique
}
// defaultString returns the value or a default value if it is set
func defaultString(value string, defaultValue []string) string {
if len(value) == 0 && len(defaultValue) > 0 {
return defaultValue[0]
}
return value
}
func getGroupPath(prefix, path string) string {
if len(path) == 0 {
return prefix
}
if path[0] != '/' {
path = "/" + path
}
return utils.TrimRight(prefix, '/') + path
}
// acceptsOffer This function determines if an offer matches a given specification.
// It checks if the specification ends with a '*' or if the offer has the prefix of the specification.
// Returns true if the offer matches the specification, false otherwise.
func acceptsOffer(spec, offer string, _ headerParams) bool {
if len(spec) >= 1 && spec[len(spec)-1] == '*' {
return true
} else if strings.HasPrefix(spec, offer) {
return true
}
return false
}
// acceptsOfferType This function determines if an offer type matches a given specification.
// It checks if the specification is equal to */* (i.e., all types are accepted).
// It gets the MIME type of the offer (either from the offer itself or by its file extension).
// It checks if the offer MIME type matches the specification MIME type or if the specification is of the form <MIME_type>/* and the offer MIME type has the same MIME type.
// It checks if the offer contains every parameter present in the specification.
// Returns true if the offer type matches the specification, false otherwise.
func acceptsOfferType(spec, offerType string, specParams headerParams) bool {
var offerMime, offerParams string
if i := strings.IndexByte(offerType, ';'); i == -1 {
offerMime = offerType
} else {
offerMime = offerType[:i]
offerParams = offerType[i:]
}
// Accept: */*
if spec == "*/*" {
return paramsMatch(specParams, offerParams)
}
var mimetype string
if strings.IndexByte(offerMime, '/') != -1 {
mimetype = offerMime // MIME type
} else {
mimetype = utils.GetMIME(offerMime) // extension
}
if spec == mimetype {
// Accept: <MIME_type>/<MIME_subtype>
return paramsMatch(specParams, offerParams)
}
s := strings.IndexByte(mimetype, '/')
// Accept: <MIME_type>/*
if strings.HasPrefix(spec, mimetype[:s]) && (spec[s:] == "/*" || mimetype[s:] == "/*") {
return paramsMatch(specParams, offerParams)
}
return false
}
// paramsMatch returns whether offerParams contains all parameters present in specParams.
// Matching is case insensitive, and surrounding quotes are stripped.
// To align with the behavior of res.format from Express, the order of parameters is
// ignored, and if a parameter is specified twice in the incoming Accept, the last
// provided value is given precedence.
// In the case of quoted values, RFC 9110 says that we must treat any character escaped
// by a backslash as equivalent to the character itself (e.g., "a\aa" is equivalent to "aaa").
// For the sake of simplicity, we forgo this and compare the value as-is. Besides, it would
// be highly unusual for a client to escape something other than a double quote or backslash.
// See https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc9110#name-parameters
func paramsMatch(specParamStr headerParams, offerParams string) bool {
if len(specParamStr) == 0 {
return true
}
allSpecParamsMatch := true
for specParam, specVal := range specParamStr {
foundParam := false
fasthttp.VisitHeaderParams(utils.UnsafeBytes(offerParams), func(key, value []byte) bool {
if utils.EqualFold(specParam, utils.UnsafeString(key)) {
foundParam = true
allSpecParamsMatch = utils.EqualFold(specVal, value)
return false
}
return true
})
if !foundParam || !allSpecParamsMatch {
return false
}
}
return allSpecParamsMatch
}
// getSplicedStrList function takes a string and a string slice as an argument, divides the string into different
// elements divided by ',' and stores these elements in the string slice.
// It returns the populated string slice as an output.
//
// If the given slice hasn't enough space, it will allocate more and return.
func getSplicedStrList(headerValue string, dst []string) []string {
if headerValue == "" {
return nil
}
var (
index int
character rune
lastElementEndsAt int
insertIndex int
)
for index, character = range headerValue + "$" {
if character == ',' || index == len(headerValue) {
if insertIndex >= len(dst) {
oldSlice := dst
dst = make([]string, len(dst)+(len(dst)>>1)+2)
copy(dst, oldSlice)
}
dst[insertIndex] = utils.TrimLeft(headerValue[lastElementEndsAt:index], ' ')
lastElementEndsAt = index + 1
insertIndex++
}
}
if len(dst) > insertIndex {
dst = dst[:insertIndex]
}
return dst
}
// forEachMediaRange parses an Accept or Content-Type header, calling functor
// on each media range.
// See: https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc9110#name-content-negotiation-fields
func forEachMediaRange(header []byte, functor func([]byte)) {
hasDQuote := bytes.IndexByte(header, '"') != -1
for len(header) > 0 {
n := 0
header = utils.TrimLeft(header, ' ')
quotes := 0
escaping := false
if hasDQuote {
// Complex case. We need to keep track of quotes and quoted-pairs (i.e., characters escaped with \ )
loop:
for n < len(header) {
switch header[n] {
case ',':
if quotes%2 == 0 {
break loop
}
case '"':
if !escaping {
quotes++
}
case '\\':
if quotes%2 == 1 {
escaping = !escaping
}
}
n++
}
} else {
// Simple case. Just look for the next comma.
if n = bytes.IndexByte(header, ','); n == -1 {
n = len(header)
}
}
functor(header[:n])
if n >= len(header) {
return
}
header = header[n+1:]
}
}
// Pool for headerParams instances. The headerParams object *must*
// be cleared before being returned to the pool.
var headerParamPool = sync.Pool{
New: func() any {
return make(headerParams)
},
}
// getOffer return valid offer for header negotiation.
// Do not pass header using utils.UnsafeBytes - this can cause a panic due
// to the use of utils.ToLowerBytes.
func getOffer(header []byte, isAccepted func(spec, offer string, specParams headerParams) bool, offers ...string) string {
if len(offers) == 0 {
return ""
}
if len(header) == 0 {
return offers[0]
}
acceptedTypes := make([]acceptedType, 0, 8)
order := 0
// Parse header and get accepted types with their quality and specificity
// See: https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc9110#name-content-negotiation-fields
forEachMediaRange(header, func(accept []byte) {
order++
spec, quality := accept, 1.0
var params headerParams
if i := bytes.IndexByte(accept, ';'); i != -1 {
spec = accept[:i]
// Optimized quality parsing
qIndex := i + 3
if bytes.HasPrefix(accept[i:], []byte(";q=")) && bytes.IndexByte(accept[qIndex:], ';') == -1 {
if q, err := fasthttp.ParseUfloat(accept[qIndex:]); err == nil {
quality = q
}
} else {
params, _ = headerParamPool.Get().(headerParams) //nolint:errcheck // only contains headerParams
for k := range params {
delete(params, k)
}
fasthttp.VisitHeaderParams(accept[i:], func(key, value []byte) bool {
if len(key) == 1 && key[0] == 'q' {
if q, err := fasthttp.ParseUfloat(value); err == nil {
quality = q
}
return false
}
lowerKey := utils.UnsafeString(utils.ToLowerBytes(key))
params[lowerKey] = value
return true
})
}
// Skip this accept type if quality is 0.0
// See: https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc9110#quality.values
if quality == 0.0 {
return
}
}
spec = utils.Trim(spec, ' ')
// Determine specificity
var specificity int
// check for wildcard this could be a mime */* or a wildcard character *
switch {
case len(spec) == 1 && spec[0] == '*':
specificity = 1
case bytes.Equal(spec, []byte("*/*")):
specificity = 1
case bytes.HasSuffix(spec, []byte("/*")):
specificity = 2
case bytes.IndexByte(spec, '/') != -1:
specificity = 3
default:
specificity = 4
}
// Add to accepted types
acceptedTypes = append(acceptedTypes, acceptedType{
spec: utils.UnsafeString(spec),
quality: quality,
specificity: specificity,
order: order,
params: params,
})
})
if len(acceptedTypes) > 1 {
// Sort accepted types by quality and specificity, preserving order of equal elements
sortAcceptedTypes(&acceptedTypes)
}
// Find the first offer that matches the accepted types
for _, acceptedType := range acceptedTypes {
for _, offer := range offers {
if offer == "" {
continue
}
if isAccepted(acceptedType.spec, offer, acceptedType.params) {
if acceptedType.params != nil {
headerParamPool.Put(acceptedType.params)
}
return offer
}
}
if acceptedType.params != nil {
headerParamPool.Put(acceptedType.params)
}
}
return ""
}
// sortAcceptedTypes sorts accepted types by quality and specificity, preserving order of equal elements
// A type with parameters has higher priority than an equivalent one without parameters.
// e.g., text/html;a=1;b=2 comes before text/html;a=1
// See: https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc9110#name-content-negotiation-fields
func sortAcceptedTypes(acceptedTypes *[]acceptedType) {
if acceptedTypes == nil || len(*acceptedTypes) < 2 {
return
}
at := *acceptedTypes
for i := 1; i < len(at); i++ {
lo, hi := 0, i-1
for lo <= hi {
mid := (lo + hi) / 2
if at[i].quality < at[mid].quality ||
(at[i].quality == at[mid].quality && at[i].specificity < at[mid].specificity) ||
(at[i].quality == at[mid].quality && at[i].specificity < at[mid].specificity && len(at[i].params) < len(at[mid].params)) ||
(at[i].quality == at[mid].quality && at[i].specificity == at[mid].specificity && len(at[i].params) == len(at[mid].params) && at[i].order > at[mid].order) {
lo = mid + 1
} else {
hi = mid - 1
}
}
for j := i; j > lo; j-- {
at[j-1], at[j] = at[j], at[j-1]
}
}
}
func matchEtag(s, etag string) bool {
if s == etag || s == "W/"+etag || "W/"+s == etag {
return true
}
return false
}
func (app *App) isEtagStale(etag string, noneMatchBytes []byte) bool {
var start, end int
// Adapted from:
// https://github.com/jshttp/fresh/blob/10e0471669dbbfbfd8de65bc6efac2ddd0bfa057/index.js#L110
for i := range noneMatchBytes {
switch noneMatchBytes[i] {
case 0x20:
if start == end {
start = i + 1
end = i + 1
}
case 0x2c:
if matchEtag(app.getString(noneMatchBytes[start:end]), etag) {
return false
}
start = i + 1
end = i + 1
default:
end = i + 1
}
}
return !matchEtag(app.getString(noneMatchBytes[start:end]), etag)
}
func parseAddr(raw string) (string, string) { //nolint:revive // Returns (host, port)
if i := strings.LastIndex(raw, ":"); i != -1 {
return raw[:i], raw[i+1:]
}
return raw, ""
}
const noCacheValue = "no-cache"
// isNoCache checks if the cacheControl header value is a `no-cache`.
func isNoCache(cacheControl string) bool {
i := strings.Index(cacheControl, noCacheValue)
if i == -1 {
return false
}
// Xno-cache
if i > 0 && !(cacheControl[i-1] == ' ' || cacheControl[i-1] == ',') {
return false
}
// bla bla, no-cache
if i+len(noCacheValue) == len(cacheControl) {
return true
}
// bla bla, no-cacheX
if cacheControl[i+len(noCacheValue)] != ',' {
return false
}
// OK
return true
}
type testConn struct {
r bytes.Buffer
w bytes.Buffer
isClosed bool
sync.Mutex
}
func (c *testConn) Read(b []byte) (int, error) {
c.Lock()
defer c.Unlock()
return c.r.Read(b) //nolint:wrapcheck // This must not be wrapped
}
func (c *testConn) Write(b []byte) (int, error) {
c.Lock()
defer c.Unlock()
if c.isClosed {
return 0, errors.New("testConn is closed")
}
return c.w.Write(b) //nolint:wrapcheck // This must not be wrapped
}
func (c *testConn) Close() error {
c.Lock()
defer c.Unlock()
c.isClosed = true
return nil
}
func (*testConn) LocalAddr() net.Addr { return &net.TCPAddr{Port: 0, Zone: "", IP: net.IPv4zero} }
func (*testConn) RemoteAddr() net.Addr { return &net.TCPAddr{Port: 0, Zone: "", IP: net.IPv4zero} }
func (*testConn) SetDeadline(_ time.Time) error { return nil }
func (*testConn) SetReadDeadline(_ time.Time) error { return nil }
func (*testConn) SetWriteDeadline(_ time.Time) error { return nil }
func getStringImmutable(b []byte) string {
return string(b)
}
func getBytesImmutable(s string) []byte {
return []byte(s)
}
// HTTP methods and their unique INTs
func (app *App) methodInt(s string) int {
// For better performance
if len(app.configured.RequestMethods) == 0 {
// TODO: Use iota instead
switch s {
case MethodGet:
return 0
case MethodHead:
return 1
case MethodPost:
return 2
case MethodPut:
return 3
case MethodDelete:
return 4
case MethodConnect:
return 5
case MethodOptions:
return 6
case MethodTrace:
return 7
case MethodPatch:
return 8
default:
return -1
}
}
// For method customization
for i, v := range app.config.RequestMethods {
if s == v {
return i
}
}
return -1
}
// IsMethodSafe reports whether the HTTP method is considered safe.
// See https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/rfc9110#section-9.2.1
func IsMethodSafe(m string) bool {
switch m {
case MethodGet,
MethodHead,
MethodOptions,
MethodTrace:
return true
default:
return false
}
}
// IsMethodIdempotent reports whether the HTTP method is considered idempotent.
// See https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/rfc9110#section-9.2.2
func IsMethodIdempotent(m string) bool {
if IsMethodSafe(m) {
return true
}
switch m {
case MethodPut, MethodDelete:
return true
default:
return false
}
}
func IndexRune(str string, needle int32) bool {
for _, b := range str {
if b == needle {
return true
}
}
return false
}
// Convert a string value to a specified type, handling errors and optional default values.
func Convert[T any](value string, convertor func(string) (T, error), defaultValue ...T) (T, error) {
converted, err := convertor(value)
if err != nil {
if len(defaultValue) > 0 {
return defaultValue[0], nil
}
return converted, fmt.Errorf("failed to convert: %w", err)
}
return converted, nil
}
// assertValueType asserts the type of the result to the type of the value
func assertValueType[V GenericType, T any](result T) V {
v, ok := any(result).(V)
if !ok {
panic(fmt.Errorf("failed to type-assert to %T", v))
}
return v
}
func genericParseDefault[V GenericType](err error, parser func() V, defaultValue ...V) V {
var v V
if err != nil {
if len(defaultValue) > 0 {
return defaultValue[0]
}
return v
}
return parser()
}
func genericParseInt[V GenericType](str string, bitSize int, parser func(int64) V, defaultValue ...V) V {
result, err := strconv.ParseInt(str, 10, bitSize)
return genericParseDefault[V](err, func() V { return parser(result) }, defaultValue...)
}
func genericParseUint[V GenericType](str string, bitSize int, parser func(uint64) V, defaultValue ...V) V {
result, err := strconv.ParseUint(str, 10, bitSize)
return genericParseDefault[V](err, func() V { return parser(result) }, defaultValue...)
}
func genericParseFloat[V GenericType](str string, bitSize int, parser func(float64) V, defaultValue ...V) V {
result, err := strconv.ParseFloat(str, bitSize)
return genericParseDefault[V](err, func() V { return parser(result) }, defaultValue...)
}
func genericParseBool[V GenericType](str string, parser func(bool) V, defaultValue ...V) V {
result, err := strconv.ParseBool(str)
return genericParseDefault[V](err, func() V { return parser(result) }, defaultValue...)
}
//nolint:gosec // Casting in this function is not a concern
func genericParseType[V GenericType](str string, v V, defaultValue ...V) V {
switch any(v).(type) {
case int:
return genericParseInt[V](str, 0, func(i int64) V { return assertValueType[V, int](int(i)) }, defaultValue...)
case int8:
return genericParseInt[V](str, 8, func(i int64) V { return assertValueType[V, int8](int8(i)) }, defaultValue...)
case int16:
return genericParseInt[V](str, 16, func(i int64) V { return assertValueType[V, int16](int16(i)) }, defaultValue...)
case int32:
return genericParseInt[V](str, 32, func(i int64) V { return assertValueType[V, int32](int32(i)) }, defaultValue...)
case int64:
return genericParseInt[V](str, 64, func(i int64) V { return assertValueType[V, int64](i) }, defaultValue...)
case uint:
return genericParseUint[V](str, 32, func(i uint64) V { return assertValueType[V, uint](uint(i)) }, defaultValue...)
case uint8:
return genericParseUint[V](str, 8, func(i uint64) V { return assertValueType[V, uint8](uint8(i)) }, defaultValue...)
case uint16:
return genericParseUint[V](str, 16, func(i uint64) V { return assertValueType[V, uint16](uint16(i)) }, defaultValue...)
case uint32:
return genericParseUint[V](str, 32, func(i uint64) V { return assertValueType[V, uint32](uint32(i)) }, defaultValue...)
case uint64:
return genericParseUint[V](str, 64, func(i uint64) V { return assertValueType[V, uint64](i) }, defaultValue...)
case float32:
return genericParseFloat[V](str, 32, func(i float64) V { return assertValueType[V, float32](float32(i)) }, defaultValue...)
case float64:
return genericParseFloat[V](str, 64, func(i float64) V { return assertValueType[V, float64](i) }, defaultValue...)
case bool:
return genericParseBool[V](str, func(b bool) V { return assertValueType[V, bool](b) }, defaultValue...)
case string:
if str == "" && len(defaultValue) > 0 {
return defaultValue[0]
}
return assertValueType[V, string](str)
case []byte:
if str == "" && len(defaultValue) > 0 {
return defaultValue[0]
}
return assertValueType[V, []byte]([]byte(str))
default:
if len(defaultValue) > 0 {
return defaultValue[0]
}
return v
}
}
type GenericType interface {
GenericTypeInteger | GenericTypeFloat | bool | string | []byte
}
type GenericTypeInteger interface {
GenericTypeIntegerSigned | GenericTypeIntegerUnsigned
}
type GenericTypeIntegerSigned interface {
int | int8 | int16 | int32 | int64
}
type GenericTypeIntegerUnsigned interface {
uint | uint8 | uint16 | uint32 | uint64
}
type GenericTypeFloat interface {
float32 | float64
}