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train.py
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train.py
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import argparse
import torch.distributed as dist
import torch.optim as optim
import torch.optim.lr_scheduler as lr_scheduler
import test # import test.py to get mAP after each epoch
from models import *
from utils.datasets import *
from utils.utils import *
mixed_precision = True
try: # Mixed precision training https://github.com/NVIDIA/apex
from apex import amp
except:
mixed_precision = False # not installed
wdir = 'weights' + os.sep # weights dir
last = wdir + 'last.pt'
best = wdir + 'best.pt'
results_file = 'results.txt'
# Hyperparameters (results68: 59.9 [email protected] yolov3-spp-416) https://github.com/ultralytics/yolov3/issues/310
hyp = {'giou': 3.54, # giou loss gain
'cls': 37.4, # cls loss gain
'cls_pw': 1.0, # cls BCELoss positive_weight
'obj': 49.5, # obj loss gain (*=img_size/320 if img_size != 320)
'obj_pw': 1.0, # obj BCELoss positive_weight
'iou_t': 0.225, # iou training threshold
'lr0': 0.00579, # initial learning rate (SGD=5E-3, Adam=5E-4)
'lrf': -4., # final LambdaLR learning rate = lr0 * (10 ** lrf)
'momentum': 0.937, # SGD momentum
'weight_decay': 0.000484, # optimizer weight decay
'fl_gamma': 0.5, # focal loss gamma
'hsv_h': 0.0138, # image HSV-Hue augmentation (fraction)
'hsv_s': 0.678, # image HSV-Saturation augmentation (fraction)
'hsv_v': 0.36, # image HSV-Value augmentation (fraction)
'degrees': 1.98, # image rotation (+/- deg)
'translate': 0.05, # image translation (+/- fraction)
'scale': 0.05, # image scale (+/- gain)
'shear': 0.641} # image shear (+/- deg)
# Overwrite hyp with hyp*.txt (optional)
f = glob.glob('hyp*.txt')
if f:
print('Using %s' % f[0])
for k, v in zip(hyp.keys(), np.loadtxt(f[0])):
hyp[k] = v
def train():
cfg = opt.cfg
data = opt.data
img_size, img_size_test = opt.img_size if len(opt.img_size) == 2 else opt.img_size * 2 # train, test sizes
epochs = opt.epochs # 500200 batches at bs 64, 117263 images = 273 epochs
batch_size = opt.batch_size
accumulate = opt.accumulate # effective bs = batch_size * accumulate = 16 * 4 = 64
weights = opt.weights # initial training weights
if 'pw' not in opt.arc: # remove BCELoss positive weights
hyp['cls_pw'] = 1.
hyp['obj_pw'] = 1.
# Initialize
init_seeds()
if opt.multi_scale:
img_sz_min = round(img_size / 32 / 1.5)
img_sz_max = round(img_size / 32 * 1.5)
img_size = img_sz_max * 32 # initiate with maximum multi_scale size
print('Using multi-scale %g - %g' % (img_sz_min * 32, img_size))
# Configure run
data_dict = parse_data_cfg(data)
train_path = data_dict['train']
test_path = data_dict['valid']
nc = 1 if opt.single_cls else int(data_dict['classes']) # number of classes
# Remove previous results
for f in glob.glob('*_batch*.jpg') + glob.glob(results_file):
os.remove(f)
# Initialize model
model = Darknet(cfg, arc=opt.arc).to(device)
# Optimizer
pg0, pg1, pg2 = [], [], [] # optimizer parameter groups
for k, v in dict(model.named_parameters()).items():
if '.bias' in k:
pg2 += [v] # biases
elif 'Conv2d.weight' in k:
pg1 += [v] # apply weight_decay
else:
pg0 += [v] # all else
if opt.adam:
# hyp['lr0'] *= 0.1 # reduce lr (i.e. SGD=5E-3, Adam=5E-4)
optimizer = optim.Adam(pg0, lr=hyp['lr0'])
# optimizer = AdaBound(pg0, lr=hyp['lr0'], final_lr=0.1)
else:
optimizer = optim.SGD(pg0, lr=hyp['lr0'], momentum=hyp['momentum'], nesterov=True)
optimizer.add_param_group({'params': pg1, 'weight_decay': hyp['weight_decay']}) # add pg1 with weight_decay
optimizer.add_param_group({'params': pg2}) # add pg2 (biases)
del pg0, pg1, pg2
# https://github.com/alphadl/lookahead.pytorch
# optimizer = torch_utils.Lookahead(optimizer, k=5, alpha=0.5)
start_epoch = 0
best_fitness = float('inf')
attempt_download(weights)
if weights.endswith('.pt'): # pytorch format
# possible weights are '*.pt', 'yolov3-spp.pt', 'yolov3-tiny.pt' etc.
chkpt = torch.load(weights, map_location=device)
# load model
try:
chkpt['model'] = {k: v for k, v in chkpt['model'].items() if model.state_dict()[k].numel() == v.numel()}
model.load_state_dict(chkpt['model'], strict=False)
except KeyError as e:
s = "%s is not compatible with %s. Specify --weights '' or specify a --cfg compatible with %s. " \
"See https://github.com/ultralytics/yolov3/issues/657" % (opt.weights, opt.cfg, opt.weights)
raise KeyError(s) from e
# load optimizer
if chkpt['optimizer'] is not None:
optimizer.load_state_dict(chkpt['optimizer'])
best_fitness = chkpt['best_fitness']
# load results
if chkpt.get('training_results') is not None:
with open(results_file, 'w') as file:
file.write(chkpt['training_results']) # write results.txt
start_epoch = chkpt['epoch'] + 1
del chkpt
elif len(weights) > 0: # darknet format
# possible weights are '*.weights', 'yolov3-tiny.conv.15', 'darknet53.conv.74' etc.
load_darknet_weights(model, weights)
# Scheduler https://github.com/ultralytics/yolov3/issues/238
# lf = lambda x: 1 - x / epochs # linear ramp to zero
# lf = lambda x: 10 ** (hyp['lrf'] * x / epochs) # exp ramp
# lf = lambda x: 1 - 10 ** (hyp['lrf'] * (1 - x / epochs)) # inverse exp ramp
# scheduler = lr_scheduler.LambdaLR(optimizer, lr_lambda=lf)
# scheduler = lr_scheduler.MultiStepLR(optimizer, milestones=range(59, 70, 1), gamma=0.8) # gradual fall to 0.1*lr0
scheduler = lr_scheduler.MultiStepLR(optimizer, milestones=[round(opt.epochs * x) for x in [0.8, 0.9]], gamma=0.1)
scheduler.last_epoch = start_epoch - 1
# # Plot lr schedule
# y = []
# for _ in range(epochs):
# scheduler.step()
# y.append(optimizer.param_groups[0]['lr'])
# plt.plot(y, label='LambdaLR')
# plt.xlabel('epoch')
# plt.ylabel('LR')
# plt.tight_layout()
# plt.savefig('LR.png', dpi=300)
# Mixed precision training https://github.com/NVIDIA/apex
if mixed_precision:
model, optimizer = amp.initialize(model, optimizer, opt_level='O1', verbosity=0)
# Initialize distributed training
if device.type != 'cpu' and torch.cuda.device_count() > 1:
dist.init_process_group(backend='nccl', # 'distributed backend'
init_method='tcp://127.0.0.1:9999', # distributed training init method
world_size=1, # number of nodes for distributed training
rank=0) # distributed training node rank
model = torch.nn.parallel.DistributedDataParallel(model, find_unused_parameters=True)
model.yolo_layers = model.module.yolo_layers # move yolo layer indices to top level
# Dataset
dataset = LoadImagesAndLabels(train_path, img_size, batch_size,
augment=True,
hyp=hyp, # augmentation hyperparameters
rect=opt.rect, # rectangular training
cache_labels=True,
cache_images=opt.cache_images)
# Dataloader
batch_size = min(batch_size, len(dataset))
nw = min([os.cpu_count(), batch_size if batch_size > 1 else 0, 8]) # number of workers
dataloader = torch.utils.data.DataLoader(dataset,
batch_size=batch_size,
num_workers=nw,
shuffle=not opt.rect, # Shuffle=True unless rectangular training is used
pin_memory=True,
collate_fn=dataset.collate_fn)
# Testloader
testloader = torch.utils.data.DataLoader(LoadImagesAndLabels(test_path, img_size_test, batch_size * 2,
hyp=hyp,
rect=True,
cache_labels=True,
cache_images=opt.cache_images,
single_cls=opt.single_cls),
batch_size=batch_size * 2,
num_workers=nw,
pin_memory=True,
collate_fn=dataset.collate_fn)
# Start training
nb = len(dataloader)
prebias = start_epoch == 0
model.nc = nc # attach number of classes to model
model.arc = opt.arc # attach yolo architecture
model.hyp = hyp # attach hyperparameters to model
model.class_weights = labels_to_class_weights(dataset.labels, nc).to(device) # attach class weights
maps = np.zeros(nc) # mAP per class
# torch.autograd.set_detect_anomaly(True)
results = (0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0) # 'P', 'R', 'mAP', 'F1', 'val GIoU', 'val Objectness', 'val Classification'
t0 = time.time()
torch_utils.model_info(model, report='summary') # 'full' or 'summary'
print('Using %g dataloader workers' % nw)
print('Starting training for %g epochs...' % epochs)
for epoch in range(start_epoch, epochs): # epoch ------------------------------
model.train()
# Prebias
if prebias:
if epoch < 3: # prebias
ps = 0.1, 0.9 # prebias settings (lr=0.1, momentum=0.9)
else: # normal training
ps = hyp['lr0'], hyp['momentum'] # normal training settings
print_model_biases(model)
prebias = False
# Bias optimizer settings
optimizer.param_groups[2]['lr'] = ps[0]
if optimizer.param_groups[2].get('momentum') is not None: # for SGD but not Adam
optimizer.param_groups[2]['momentum'] = ps[1]
# Update image weights (optional)
if dataset.image_weights:
w = model.class_weights.cpu().numpy() * (1 - maps) ** 2 # class weights
image_weights = labels_to_image_weights(dataset.labels, nc=nc, class_weights=w)
dataset.indices = random.choices(range(dataset.n), weights=image_weights, k=dataset.n) # rand weighted idx
mloss = torch.zeros(4).to(device) # mean losses
print(('\n' + '%10s' * 8) % ('Epoch', 'gpu_mem', 'GIoU', 'obj', 'cls', 'total', 'targets', 'img_size'))
pbar = tqdm(enumerate(dataloader), total=nb) # progress bar
for i, (imgs, targets, paths, _) in pbar: # batch -------------------------------------------------------------
ni = i + nb * epoch # number integrated batches (since train start)
imgs = imgs.to(device).float() / 255.0 # uint8 to float32, 0 - 255 to 0.0 - 1.0
targets = targets.to(device)
# Multi-Scale training
if opt.multi_scale:
if ni / accumulate % 10 == 0: # adjust (67% - 150%) every 10 batches
img_size = random.randrange(img_sz_min, img_sz_max + 1) * 32
sf = img_size / max(imgs.shape[2:]) # scale factor
if sf != 1:
ns = [math.ceil(x * sf / 32.) * 32 for x in imgs.shape[2:]] # new shape (stretched to 32-multiple)
imgs = F.interpolate(imgs, size=ns, mode='bilinear', align_corners=False)
# Plot images with bounding boxes
if ni == 0:
fname = 'train_batch%g.jpg' % i
plot_images(imgs=imgs, targets=targets, paths=paths, fname=fname)
if tb_writer:
tb_writer.add_image(fname, cv2.imread(fname)[:, :, ::-1], dataformats='HWC')
# Hyperparameter burn-in
# n_burn = nb - 1 # min(nb // 5 + 1, 1000) # number of burn-in batches
# if ni <= n_burn:
# for m in model.named_modules():
# if m[0].endswith('BatchNorm2d'):
# m[1].momentum = 1 - i / n_burn * 0.99 # BatchNorm2d momentum falls from 1 - 0.01
# g = (i / n_burn) ** 4 # gain rises from 0 - 1
# for x in optimizer.param_groups:
# x['lr'] = hyp['lr0'] * g
# x['weight_decay'] = hyp['weight_decay'] * g
# Run model
pred = model(imgs)
# Compute loss
loss, loss_items = compute_loss(pred, targets, model, not prebias)
if not torch.isfinite(loss):
print('WARNING: non-finite loss, ending training ', loss_items)
return results
# Scale loss by nominal batch_size of 64
loss *= batch_size / 64
# Compute gradient
if mixed_precision:
with amp.scale_loss(loss, optimizer) as scaled_loss:
scaled_loss.backward()
else:
loss.backward()
# Accumulate gradient for x batches before optimizing
if ni % accumulate == 0:
optimizer.step()
optimizer.zero_grad()
# Print batch results
mloss = (mloss * i + loss_items) / (i + 1) # update mean losses
mem = torch.cuda.memory_cached() / 1E9 if torch.cuda.is_available() else 0 # (GB)
s = ('%10s' * 2 + '%10.3g' * 6) % (
'%g/%g' % (epoch, epochs - 1), '%.3gG' % mem, *mloss, len(targets), img_size)
pbar.set_description(s)
# end batch ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Process epoch results
final_epoch = epoch + 1 == epochs
if not opt.notest or final_epoch: # Calculate mAP
is_coco = any([x in data for x in ['coco.data', 'coco2014.data', 'coco2017.data']]) and model.nc == 80
results, maps = test.test(cfg,
data,
batch_size=batch_size * 2,
img_size=img_size_test,
model=model,
conf_thres=0.001 if final_epoch and is_coco else 0.1, # 0.1 for speed
iou_thres=0.6,
save_json=final_epoch and is_coco,
single_cls=opt.single_cls,
dataloader=testloader)
# Update scheduler
scheduler.step()
# Write epoch results
with open(results_file, 'a') as f:
f.write(s + '%10.3g' * 7 % results + '\n') # P, R, mAP, F1, test_losses=(GIoU, obj, cls)
if len(opt.name) and opt.bucket:
os.system('gsutil cp results.txt gs://%s/results%s.txt' % (opt.bucket, opt.name))
# Write Tensorboard results
if tb_writer:
x = list(mloss) + list(results)
titles = ['GIoU', 'Objectness', 'Classification', 'Train loss',
'Precision', 'Recall', 'mAP', 'F1', 'val GIoU', 'val Objectness', 'val Classification']
for xi, title in zip(x, titles):
tb_writer.add_scalar(title, xi, epoch)
# Update best mAP
fitness = sum(results[4:]) # total loss
if fitness < best_fitness:
best_fitness = fitness
# Save training results
save = (not opt.nosave) or (final_epoch and not opt.evolve)
if save:
with open(results_file, 'r') as f:
# Create checkpoint
chkpt = {'epoch': epoch,
'best_fitness': best_fitness,
'training_results': f.read(),
'model': model.module.state_dict() if type(
model) is nn.parallel.DistributedDataParallel else model.state_dict(),
'optimizer': None if final_epoch else optimizer.state_dict()}
# Save last checkpoint
torch.save(chkpt, last)
# Save best checkpoint
if best_fitness == fitness:
torch.save(chkpt, best)
# Save backup every 10 epochs (optional)
if epoch > 0 and epoch % 10 == 0:
torch.save(chkpt, wdir + 'backup%g.pt' % epoch)
# Delete checkpoint
del chkpt
# end epoch ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# end training
n = opt.name
if len(n):
n = '_' + n if not n.isnumeric() else n
fresults, flast, fbest = 'results%s.txt' % n, 'last%s.pt' % n, 'best%s.pt' % n
os.rename('results.txt', fresults)
os.rename(wdir + 'last.pt', wdir + flast) if os.path.exists(wdir + 'last.pt') else None
os.rename(wdir + 'best.pt', wdir + fbest) if os.path.exists(wdir + 'best.pt') else None
# save to cloud
if opt.bucket:
os.system('gsutil cp %s %s gs://%s' % (fresults, wdir + flast, opt.bucket))
if not opt.evolve:
plot_results() # save as results.png
print('%g epochs completed in %.3f hours.\n' % (epoch - start_epoch + 1, (time.time() - t0) / 3600))
dist.destroy_process_group() if torch.cuda.device_count() > 1 else None
torch.cuda.empty_cache()
return results
if __name__ == '__main__':
parser = argparse.ArgumentParser()
parser.add_argument('--epochs', type=int, default=273) # 500200 batches at bs 16, 117263 COCO images = 273 epochs
parser.add_argument('--batch-size', type=int, default=28) # effective bs = batch_size * accumulate = 16 * 4 = 64
parser.add_argument('--accumulate', type=int, default=4, help='batches to accumulate before optimizing')
parser.add_argument('--cfg', type=str, default='cfg/yolov3-spp.cfg', help='*.cfg path')
parser.add_argument('--data', type=str, default='data/coco2017.data', help='*.data path')
parser.add_argument('--multi-scale', action='store_true', help='adjust (67% - 150%) img_size every 10 batches')
parser.add_argument('--img-size', nargs='+', type=int, default=[416], help='train and test image-sizes')
parser.add_argument('--rect', action='store_true', help='rectangular training')
parser.add_argument('--resume', action='store_true', help='resume training from last.pt')
parser.add_argument('--nosave', action='store_true', help='only save final checkpoint')
parser.add_argument('--notest', action='store_true', help='only test final epoch')
parser.add_argument('--evolve', action='store_true', help='evolve hyperparameters')
parser.add_argument('--bucket', type=str, default='', help='gsutil bucket')
parser.add_argument('--cache-images', action='store_true', help='cache images for faster training')
parser.add_argument('--weights', type=str, default='weights/ultralytics68.pt', help='initial weights')
parser.add_argument('--arc', type=str, default='default', help='yolo architecture') # defaultpw, uCE, uBCE
parser.add_argument('--name', default='', help='renames results.txt to results_name.txt if supplied')
parser.add_argument('--device', default='', help='device id (i.e. 0 or 0,1 or cpu)')
parser.add_argument('--adam', action='store_true', help='use adam optimizer')
parser.add_argument('--single-cls', default=False,action='store_true', help='train as single-class dataset')
parser.add_argument('--var', type=float, help='debug variable')
opt = parser.parse_args()
opt.weights = last if opt.resume else opt.weights
print(opt)
device = torch_utils.select_device(opt.device, apex=mixed_precision, batch_size=opt.batch_size)
if device.type == 'cpu':
mixed_precision = False
# scale hyp['obj'] by img_size (evolved at 320)
# hyp['obj'] *= opt.img_size[0] / 320.
tb_writer = None
if not opt.evolve: # Train normally
try:
# Start Tensorboard with "tensorboard --logdir=runs", view at http://localhost:6006/
from torch.utils.tensorboard import SummaryWriter
tb_writer = SummaryWriter()
except:
pass
train() # train normally
else: # Evolve hyperparameters (optional)
opt.notest = True # only test final epoch
opt.nosave = True # only save final checkpoint
if opt.bucket:
os.system('gsutil cp gs://%s/evolve.txt .' % opt.bucket) # download evolve.txt if exists
for _ in range(1): # generations to evolve
if os.path.exists('evolve.txt'): # if evolve.txt exists: select best hyps and mutate
# Select parent(s)
x = np.loadtxt('evolve.txt', ndmin=2)
parent = 'single' # parent selection method: 'single' or 'weighted'
if parent == 'single' or len(x) == 1:
x = x[fitness(x).argmax()]
elif parent == 'weighted': # weighted combination
n = min(10, len(x)) # number to merge
x = x[np.argsort(-fitness(x))][:n] # top n mutations
w = fitness(x) - fitness(x).min() # weights
x = (x * w.reshape(n, 1)).sum(0) / w.sum() # new parent
# Mutate
method = 3
s = 0.2 # 20% sigma
np.random.seed(int(time.time()))
g = np.array([1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 0, .1, 1, 0, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1]) # gains
ng = len(g)
if method == 1:
v = (np.random.randn(ng) * np.random.random() * g * s + 1) ** 2.0
elif method == 2:
v = (np.random.randn(ng) * np.random.random(ng) * g * s + 1) ** 2.0
elif method == 3:
v = np.ones(ng)
while all(v == 1): # mutate until a change occurs (prevent duplicates)
r = (np.random.random(ng) < 0.1) * np.random.randn(ng) # 10% mutation probability
v = (g * s * r + 1) ** 2.0
for i, k in enumerate(hyp.keys()): # plt.hist(v.ravel(), 300)
hyp[k] = x[i + 7] * v[i] # mutate
# Clip to limits
keys = ['lr0', 'iou_t', 'momentum', 'weight_decay', 'hsv_s', 'hsv_v', 'translate', 'scale', 'fl_gamma']
limits = [(1e-5, 1e-2), (0.00, 0.70), (0.60, 0.98), (0, 0.001), (0, .9), (0, .9), (0, .9), (0, .9), (0, 3)]
for k, v in zip(keys, limits):
hyp[k] = np.clip(hyp[k], v[0], v[1])
# Train mutation
results = train()
# Write mutation results
print_mutation(hyp, results, opt.bucket)
# Plot results
# plot_evolution_results(hyp)