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Oracle12c DataGuard实际配置.md

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以下内容是老师的样例虚拟机配置Oracle DataGuard的全过程

第一步：备库

mkdir -p /home/oracle/app/oracle/diag/orcl
mkdir -p /home/oracle/app/oracle/oradata/stdorcl/
mkdir -p /home/oracle/app/oracle/oradata/stdorcl/pdborcl
mkdir -p /home/oracle/arch
mkdir -p /home/oracle/rman
mkdir -p /home/oracle/app/oracle/oradata/stdorcl/pdbseed/
mkdir -p /home/oracle/app/oracle/oradata/stdorcl/pdb/

删除原有数据库:

$sqlplus / as sysdba
shutdown immediate;
startup mount exclusive restrict;
drop database;

启动到nomount

$sqlplus / as sysdba
startup nomount

第二步：主库:

$sqlplus /  sysdba
select group#,thread#,members,status from v$log;

alter database add standby logfile  group 5 '/home/oracle/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/stdredo1.log' size 50m;
alter database add standby logfile  group 6 '/home/oracle/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/stdredo2.log' size 50m;
alter database add standby logfile  group 7 '/home/oracle/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/stdredo3.log' size 50m;
alter database add standby logfile  group 8 '/home/oracle/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/stdredo4.log' size 50m;

主库环境开启强制归档

ALTER DATABASE FORCE LOGGING;

alter system set LOG_ARCHIVE_CONFIG='DG_CONFIG=(orcl,stdorcl)' scope=both sid='*';         
alter system set log_archive_dest_1='LOCATION=/home/oracle/arch VALID_FOR=(ALL_LOGFILES,ALL_ROLES) DB_UNIQUE_NAME=orcl' scope=spfile;
alter system set LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_2='SERVICE=stdorcl LGWR ASYNC  VALID_FOR=(ONLINE_LOGFILES,PRIMARY_ROLE) DB_UNIQUE_NAME=stdorcl' scope=both sid='*';
alter system set fal_client='orcl' scope=both sid='*';    
alter system set FAL_SERVER='stdorcl' scope=both sid='*';  
alter system set standby_file_management=AUTO scope=both sid='*';
alter system set DB_FILE_NAME_CONVERT='/home/oracle/app/oracle/oradata/stdorcl/','/home/oracle/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/' scope=spfile sid='*';  
alter system set LOG_FILE_NAME_CONVERT='/home/oracle/app/oracle/oradata/stdorcl/','/home/oracle/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/' scope=spfile sid='*';
alter system set log_archive_format='%t_%s_%r.arc' scope=spfile sid='*';
alter system set remote_login_passwordfile='EXCLUSIVE' scope=spfile;
alter system set PARALLEL_EXECUTION_MESSAGE_SIZE=8192 scope=spfile;

编辑主库以及备库的/home/oracle/app/oracle/product/12.1.0/dbhome_1/network/admin/tnsnames.ora文件

$gedit /home/oracle/app/oracle/product/12.1.0/dbhome_1/network/admin/tnsnames.ora

ORCL =
  (DESCRIPTION =
    (ADDRESS_LIST =
      (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 192.168.206.131)(PORT = 1521))
    )
    (CONNECT_DATA =
      (SERVER = DEDICATED)
      (SERVICE_NAME = orcl)
    )
  )

stdorcl =
  (DESCRIPTION =
    (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 192.168.206.132)(PORT = 1521))
    (CONNECT_DATA =
      (SERVER = DEDICATED)
      (SID = orcl)
    )
  )

在主库上生成备库的参数文件:

$create pfile from spfile;

生成/home/oracle/app/oracle/product/12.1.0/dbhome_1/dbs/initorcl.ora

将主库的参数文件，密码文件拷贝到备库:

scp /home/oracle/app/oracle/product/12.1.0/dbhome_1/dbs/initorcl.ora 192.168.206.132:/home/oracle/app/oracle/product/12.1.0/dbhome_1/dbs/
scp /home/oracle/app/oracle/product/12.1.0/dbhome_1/dbs/orapworcl 192.168.206.132:/home/oracle/app/oracle/product/12.1.0/dbhome_1/dbs/

将主库复制到备库

$rman target sys/123@orcl auxiliary sys/123@stdorcl

执行duplicate:

run{ 
allocate channel c1 type disk;
allocate channel c2 type disk;
allocate channel c3 type disk;
allocate AUXILIARY channel c4 type disk;
allocate AUXILIARY channel c5 type disk;
allocate AUXILIARY channel c6 type disk;
DUPLICATE TARGET DATABASE
  FOR STANDBY
  FROM ACTIVE DATABASE
  DORECOVER
  NOFILENAMECHECK;
release channel c1;
release channel c2;
release channel c3;
release channel c4;
release channel c5;
release channel c6;
}

第三步：备库

在备库上更改参数文件

$gedit /home/oracle/app/oracle/product/12.1.0/dbhome_1/dbs/initorcl.ora

文件内容是：

orcl.__data_transfer_cache_size=0
orcl.__db_cache_size=671088640
orcl.__java_pool_size=16777216
orcl.__large_pool_size=33554432
orcl.__oracle_base='/home/oracle/app/oracle'#ORACLE_BASE set from environment
orcl.__pga_aggregate_target=536870912
orcl.__sga_target=1258291200
orcl.__shared_io_pool_size=50331648
orcl.__shared_pool_size=301989888
orcl.__streams_pool_size=0
*._allow_resetlogs_corruption=TRUE
*._catalog_foreign_restore=FALSE
*.audit_file_dest='/home/oracle/app/oracle/admin/orcl/adump'
*.audit_trail='db'
*.compatible='12.1.0.2.0'
*.control_files='/home/oracle/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/control01.ctl','/home/oracle/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/orcl/control02.ctl','/home/oracle/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/orcl/control03.ctl'
*.db_block_size=8192
*.db_domain=''
*.db_file_name_convert='/home/oracle/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/','/home/oracle/app/oracle/oradata/stdorcl/'
*.db_name='orcl'
*.db_unique_name='stdorcl'
*.db_recovery_file_dest='/home/oracle/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area'
*.db_recovery_file_dest_size=4823449600
*.diagnostic_dest='/home/oracle/app/oracle'
*.dispatchers='(PROTOCOL=TCP)(dispatchers=1)(pool=on)(ticks=1)(connections=500)(sessions=1000)'
*.enable_pluggable_database=true
*.fal_client='stdorcl'
*.fal_server='orcl'
*.inmemory_max_populate_servers=2
*.inmemory_size=157286400
*.local_listener=''
*.log_archive_config='DG_CONFIG=(stdorcl,orcl)'
*.log_archive_dest_1='LOCATION=/home/oracle/arch VALID_FOR=(ALL_LOGFILES,ALL_ROLES) DB_UNIQUE_NAME=stdorcl'
*.log_archive_dest_2='SERVICE=orcl LGWR ASYNC  VALID_FOR=(ONLINE_LOGFILES,PRIMARY_ROLE) DB_UNIQUE_NAME=orcl'
*.log_archive_format='%t_%s_%r.arc'
*.log_file_name_convert='/home/oracle/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/','/home/oracle/app/oracle/oradata/stdorcl/'
*.max_dispatchers=5
*.max_shared_servers=20
*.open_cursors=400
*.parallel_execution_message_size=8192
*.pga_aggregate_target=511m
*.processes=300
*.recovery_parallelism=0
*.remote_login_passwordfile='EXCLUSIVE'
*.service_names='ORCL'
*.sga_max_size=1572864000
*.sga_target=1258291200
*.shared_server_sessions=200
*.standby_file_management='AUTO'
*.undo_tablespace='UNDOTBS1'

在备库增加静态监听

$gedit /home/oracle/app/oracle/product/12.1.0/dbhome_1/network/admin/listener.ora

SID_LIST_LISTENER =
  (SID_LIST =
    (SID_DESC =
      (ORACLE_HOME = /home/oracle/app/oracle/product/12.1.0/db_1)
      (SID_NAME = stdorcl)
    )
  )

重新启动,备库开启实时应用模式:：

$sqlplus / as sysdba
shutdown immediate
startup
alter database recover managed standby database disconnect;

第四步：数据同步测试，主库+备库

在主库修改数据，在备库查询修改。