focal_loss.py

#!/usr/bin/env python3
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
"""
Created on Fri Oct 19 08:20:58 2018
@OS: Ubuntu 18.04
@IDE: Spyder3
@author: Aldi Faizal Dimara (Steam ID: phenomos)
"""

import keras.backend as K
import tensorflow as tf

def categorical_focal_loss(gamma=2.0, alpha=0.25):
    """
    Implementation of Focal Loss from the paper in multiclass classification
    Formula:
        loss = -alpha*((1-p)^gamma)*log(p)
    Parameters:
        alpha -- the same as wighting factor in balanced cross entropy
        gamma -- focusing parameter for modulating factor (1-p)
    Default value:
        gamma -- 2.0 as mentioned in the paper
        alpha -- 0.25 as mentioned in the paper
    """
    def focal_loss(y_true, y_pred):
        # Define epsilon so that the backpropagation will not result in NaN
        # for 0 divisor case
        epsilon = K.epsilon()
        # Add the epsilon to prediction value
        #y_pred = y_pred + epsilon
        # Clip the prediction value
        y_pred = K.clip(y_pred, epsilon, 1.0-epsilon)
        # Calculate cross entropy
        cross_entropy = -y_true*K.log(y_pred)
        # Calculate weight that consists of  modulating factor and weighting factor
        weight = alpha * y_true * K.pow((1-y_pred), gamma)
        # Calculate focal loss
        loss = weight * cross_entropy
        # Sum the losses in mini_batch
        loss = K.sum(loss, axis=1)
        return loss
    
    return focal_loss

def binary_focal_loss(gamma=2.0, alpha=0.25):
    """
    Implementation of Focal Loss from the paper in multiclass classification
    Formula:
        loss = -alpha_t*((1-p_t)^gamma)*log(p_t)
        
        p_t = y_pred, if y_true = 1
        p_t = 1-y_pred, otherwise
        
        alpha_t = alpha, if y_true=1
        alpha_t = 1-alpha, otherwise
        
        cross_entropy = -log(p_t)
    Parameters:
        alpha -- the same as wighting factor in balanced cross entropy
        gamma -- focusing parameter for modulating factor (1-p)
    Default value:
        gamma -- 2.0 as mentioned in the paper
        alpha -- 0.25 as mentioned in the paper
    """
    def focal_loss(y_true, y_pred):
        # Define epsilon so that the backpropagation will not result in NaN
        # for 0 divisor case
        epsilon = K.epsilon()
        # Add the epsilon to prediction value
        #y_pred = y_pred + epsilon
        # Clip the prediciton value
        y_pred = K.clip(y_pred, epsilon, 1.0-epsilon)
        # Calculate p_t
        p_t = tf.where(K.equal(y_true, 1), y_pred, 1-y_pred)
        # Calculate alpha_t
        alpha_factor = K.ones_like(y_true)*alpha
        alpha_t = tf.where(K.equal(y_true, 1), alpha_factor, 1-alpha_factor)
        # Calculate cross entropy
        cross_entropy = -K.log(p_t)
        weight = alpha_t * K.pow((1-p_t), gamma)
        # Calculate focal loss
        loss = weight * cross_entropy
        # Sum the losses in mini_batch
        loss = K.sum(loss, axis=1)
        return loss
    
    return focal_loss