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NEWS
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Copyright (C) 1992-2021 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
Copying and distribution of this file, with or without modification,
are permitted in any medium without royalty provided the copyright
notice and this notice are preserved.
This file describes recent user-visible changes in groff. Bug fixes are
not described. There are more details in the man and info pages.
VERSION 1.23.0
==============
troff
-----
o English localization has been split into a dedicated macro file,
en.tmac, for better parallelism with other localization files and to
improve support for multilingual documents. Those who want a
different default input language should edit the troffrc file to
source the desired groff locale macro file (cs.tmac, de.tmac,
den.tmac, fr.tmac, it.tmac, ja.tmac, sv.tmac, or zh.tmac) instead of
en.tmac.
The default hyphenation mode (as used by the .hy request) for users of
English has changed from "1", which was inappropriate for the
TeX-based hyphenation patterns groff has used since at least 1991, to
"4". However, invoking .hy without an argument remains synonymous
with ".hy 1".
o The hyphenation patterns for English have been updated using the
`hyph-en-us.tex` patterns file from the TeX hyph-utf8 project. The
new patterns likely _will_ change the automatic hyphenation break
points of your English documents.
o A new read-only register ".cp" is implemented. Within a .do request,
"\n[.cp]" holds the saved value of compatibility mode. See
groff_diff(7) or the groff Texinfo manual for rationale, use case, and
example.
o A new read-only register ".nm" is implemented. It reports the
enablement status of output line numbering (caused by the .nm
request) irrespective of the temporary suspension of numbering with
the .nn request. This register was introduced because there was no
way to introspect its state, tbl(1) needs to be able to do so, and the
writable line number register \n[ln] is not a reliable proxy for it.
o Point-size escapes of the form '\sNN', where NN is in the range 10-39,
are now recognized only in compatibility mode (groff -C); when
encountered, an error diagnostic is emitted. Otherwise, \sN is
interpreted as setting the point size to the single-digit value N,
which ends the escape. This change eliminates a quirk in the language
grammar that dates back to the mid-1970s (AT&T troff by Ossanna) but
was not documented in the Troff User's Manual until 1992 when
Kernighan updated CSTR #54 for device-independent AT&T troff.
The form '\s(NN' is accepted for two-digit point sizes in all known
troffs. The form '\s[NNN]' accepts a numeric expression of variable
length; it has been supported by groff since version 1.02 (June 1991)
at the latest and is by current versions of Heirloom Doctools troff
and neatroff. The form "\s'NNN'" is also widely supported.
Summary: in your documents, rewrite escapes beginning with '\s1',
'\s2', or '\s3' in an unambiguous and portable form. For instance,
'\s36' can become any of:
\s(36
\s[36]
\s'36'
You can use
grep '\\s[123]'
to find instances in your documents.
Those who have changed the escape character with the 'ec' request (an
advanced usage) are expected to be able to cope; ask the development
team for support if you need it.
o New requests 'soquiet' and 'msoquiet' are available. They operate as
'so' and 'mso', respectively, except that they do not emit a warning
diagnostic if the file name argument does not exist.
o New requests 'stringdown' and 'stringup' are available. These change
the string named in their argument by replacing each of its bytes with
its lowercase or uppercase version (if any), respectively. groff
special characters (see the groff_char(7) man page) can be used and
the output will often transform in the expected way due to the
regular naming convention of the special character escapes for
accented letters.
nroff
-----
o The new option -P takes an argument to pass to the output driver
(always grotty(1)). "-P-i" directs the terminal device to display
real italic (oblique) characters instead of underlining: it is up to
your terminal (emulator) to support italics (xterm does since patch
#314 [2014-12-28]). "-P-h" can now be used instead of "-h"; the
latter may eventually be deprecated and repurposed.
o The new option -V emits the constructed groff command that nroff would
run to standard output instead of executing it. Arguments to nroff
that contain shell metacharacters may not be sufficiently escaped for
the output of nroff -V to be copied and pasted to the shell prompt;
this is a historical deficiency of the Bourne shell family not yet
corrected by the POSIX standard.
o nroff now recognizes the -b, -E, -k, -K, and -z options and passes
them through to groff.
o nroff now supports whitespace between option flag letters and option
arguments, like groff and troff themselves.
groff
-----
o The -I option now implies "-g" (run the grn(1) preprocessor), and
supplies grn an "-M" option with the argument to -I.
Macro Packages
--------------
o The new rfc1345 macro package, contributed by Dorai Sitaram, defines
special character glyph names implementing RFC 1345 mnemonics (plus
some additions from Vim, which itself uses RFC 1345 for its digraphs).
It is documented in the groff_rfc1345(7) man page.
o The an (man) macro package can now produce clickable hyperlinks within
terminal emulators, using the OSC 8 support added to grotty(1) (see
below). The groff man(7) extension macros "UR" and "MT", present
since 2007, expose this feature. At present the feature is disabled
by default in "man.local" pending more widespread recognition of OSC 8
sequences in pager programs. The package now recognizes a "U"
register to configure hyperlink support for any output driver.
Use a command like
printf '\033]8;;man:grotty(1)\033\\grotty(1)\033]8;;\033\\\n' | more
to check your terminal and pager for OSC 8 support. If it you see
"grotty(1)" and no additional garbage characters, then you may wish to
edit "man.local" to remove the lines that disable this feature.
o The an (man) macro package supports a new macro, "MR", intended for
use by man page cross references in preference to the font style
alternation macros historically used. Where before you would write
.BR ls (1).
or
.IR ls (1).
you should now write
.MR ls 1 .
(the third argument, typically used for trailing punctuation, is
optional). Because the macro semantically identifies a man page, it
also creates a clickable hyperlink ("man:ls(1)" for the above example)
on supporting devices. A new string, MF, defines the font to be used
for setting man page titles (the first argument to .MR and .TH),
permitting its configuration by distributions, sites, and users.
The MR macro is offered for compatibility with Plan 9 troff, which
introduced it in August 2020, and to ameliorate several long-standing
problems with man page cross references: (1) the package's lack of
inherent hyperlink support for them; (2) false-positive identification
of strings resembling man page cross references (as can happen with
"exit(1)", "while(1)", "sleep(5)", "time(0)" and others) by terminal
emulators and other programs; (3) the unwanted intrusion of hyphens in
man page names, which frustrates copy-and-paste operations (this
problem has always been avoidable through use of the \% escape
sequence, but cross references are frequent in man pages and some page
authors are inexpert *roff users); and (4) deep divisions in man page
maintenance communities over which typeface should be used to set the
man page title (italics, roman, or bold).
o Part of the an (man) macro package has been renamed from "an-old.tmac"
to "an.tmac", replacing a file that sourced the "andoc.tmac" wrapper.
This means that the "-man" argument to groff (or nroff, or troff) will
no longer load the andoc wrapper, and not successfully format mdoc(7)
man pages. If you are not sure which macro package a given man page
uses, or you wish to batch-process a series of man pages written
variously in the man and mdoc formats, be sure to call the formatter
with the "-mandoc" option explicitly, as "-man" will no longer do
this. The man-db man(1) implementation has, since 2001, used
"-mandoc" preferentially if available when man-db is configured.
o The an (man) macro package supports a new AD string to put the default
adjustment mode under user control. The default is 'b' (adjust lines
to both margins) as has been the Unix man(7) default since 1979.
o The an (man) and doc (mdoc) macro packages support new CS and CT
registers to control rendering of man page section headings and titles
(seen in the page header), respectively, in full capitals. These
default off (with no visible effect on pages which already fully
capitalize such text in man page sources). The rationale is to
encourage man page authors to preserve case distinction information in
(or restore it to) their titles and section headings, while giving
users (including system administrators, distributors, integrators, and
maintainers of man(1) implementations) a way to view the rendered page
elements in full capitals if desired.
o The an (man) macro package no longer honors an .ll request to set the
line length in nroff devices prior to processing a man page. This was
deprecated 18 years ago, and all known man program and macro package
implementations either have set an LL register since 2002 (man-db
man), 2005 (Brouwer/Lucifredi man), or don't let the user vary the
line length freely (DWB troff, Solaris troff, Plan 9 troff) or at all
(mandoc, Heirloom Doctools troff).
o The groff_man(7) man page documenting the groff implementation of the
an (man) macro package has been split into two pages. The original
page remains as a terser reference for experienced users. A new page,
groff_man_style(7), is a tutorial and style guide containing the same
material supplemented with explanations, examples, and advice for the
reader who is not an expert in *roff systems or in writing man pages.
o The doc (mdoc) macro package now honors the HY register as the an
(man) package does: to set the default hyphenation mode. It
furthermore recognizes but ignores the AD string (see above) for
compatibility with an (man).
o The m (mm) macro package now requires a title to be declared when
memorandum type 5 is used (.MT 5), just as type 4 has since groff 1.10
(November 1995).
o The m (mm) and s (ms) macro packages no longer manipulate the warning
level. If you want all warnings on, use the ".warn" request with no
arguments in your document or pass "-w w" to groff (see troff(1) or
the groff Texinfo manual for more on warnings).
o The m (mm) and s (ms) macro packages' "R" macros now work analogously
to their "B" and "I" macros instead of ignoring their arguments.
o The s (ms) macro package supports a new string, FR, which defines the
ratio of the footnote line length to the current line length. The
default expression is "11/12", 11/12ths of the normal line length,
adopted for better compatibility with ms documents prepared with AT&T
ms or its descendant implementations in Heirloom Doctools and
neatroff. This is a change from previous groff releases, which used a
ratio of 5/6ths.
You may wish to set the FR string to 1 to align with contemporary
typesetting practices. In Version 7 Unix ms, its descendants, and
groff prior to this release, an FL register was used for the line
length in footnotes; however, setting this register at document
initialization time had no effect on the footnote line length in
multi-column arrangements.
FR should be used in preference to the old FL register in contemporary
documents; see the groff Texinfo manual or the "Using groff with the
ms macros" document, also part of this release.
o The s (ms) macro package has added strings, \*< and \*>, to perform
subscripting. They work analogously to the \*{ and \*} superscripting
strings that have been present in groff ms since 1991 or earlier.
o The s (ms) macro package has added a hook macro, FS-MARK, which is
called automatically by the FS macro (with same arguments given to FS)
before any other footnote processing. It is empty by default but can
be defined by the user to, for example, place a hyperlink anchor so
that a link within a footnote can return to its referential context.
"Portable Document Format Publishing with GNU Troff", distributed with
groff as pdfmark.ms, uses this technique.
grotty
------
o A new device control command, "link", generates OSC 8 hyperlinks.
This means that groff documents can produce clickable links in the
terminal window for emulators that support such escape sequences.
o On the Latin-1 output device ("groff -T latin1") the output glyph
\[oq] (opening quote) is now rendered as code point 0x27 (apostrophe)
instead of 0x60 (grave accent). The ISO 8859/ECMA-94 Latin character
sets do not define any glyphs for directional ("typographer's")
quotation marks, but the apostrophe is depicted as a neutral
(vertical) glyph, whereas the grave accent 0x60 and acute accent 0xB4
are mirror-symmetric diacritical marks.
This change has no effect on _input_ conventions for roff source
documents. You can still get directional single quotes on UTF-8,
PostScript, PDF, and other output devices supporting them by typing
sequences like `this' in the input (character remapping with ".char"
requests and similar notwithstanding).
Miscellaneous
-------------
o Italian language input documents are now supported, including
hyphenation patterns from the hyph-utf8 project and localized strings
for the ms, me, mm, and mom packages. Thanks to Edmond Orignac.
o The semantics of the environment variable SOURCE_DATE_EPOCH (support
for which was added in 1.22.4) to groff were not established with
respect to time zone selection, prompting divergent interpretations;
Debian and distributions derived from it have for several years
patched groff to implicitly use UTC as the time zone when interpreting
the current time (or SOURCE_DATE_EPOCH) as a local time. While a
convenient and defensible choice for reproducible build efforts, it
runs against the grain of user expectations. Systems programmers like
time zone-invariant, monotonically increasing clocks; the broader
user base usually prefers a clock that follows an applicable civil
calendar. Users of SOURCE_DATE_EPOCH may also wish to set the TZ
environment variable.
o groffer has been deleted from the distribution.
o grog no longer supports the "--warnings" option; the one diagnostic
message that it enabled has been removed.
VERSION 1.22.4
==============
Troff
-----
o The `hy' request has been extended. Value 16 enables hyphenation
before the last character, and value 32 enables hyphenation after the
first character.
PDFPIC
------
o PDFPIC has been corrected so the behaviour is the same whether you use
the PostScript or PDF drivers. However, this means that any documents
which were written using the old behaviour will not be rendered
correctly if using the PDF driver with the new version.
The change would mean that documents which relied on the previous
behaviour are likely to have a gap underneath the image which was not
there before. If you see this effect there are three ways you can
restore the previous behaviour:
Add the line ".nr PDFPIC_NOSPACE 1" to the document before the first
call to .PDFPIC.
If it is just a single document which exhibits this behaviour you can
run groff adding "-rPDFPIC_NOSPACE=1" to the command line.
If you have many documents which rely on the previous behaviour you
can set an environment variable "export GROFF_PDFPIC_NOSPACE=1" which
will restore the previous behaviour for all runs.
This change has no effect if you were using .PDFPIC with the
PostScript driver--only if you used it with the PDF driver.
Gropdf
------
o Type 1 font loading is fixed to handle newer Ghostscript versions.
o Handling of glyphs above position 255 is improved to allow many more
glyphs to be used.
o New macros .pdftransition and .pdfpause are introduced to allow
creation of presentation slides. Partially backward-compatible with
present.tmac, specifically the PAUSE, BLOCKS and BLOCKE commands.
Supports all the transition types introduced in PDF v1.5 (see the
gropdf man page).
Miscellaneous
-------------
o A new 'configure' option --with-compatibility-wrappers controls how
groff compatibility wrappers for vendor-provided non-GNU macro sets
are installed (see ./configure --help).
o eqn2graph, grap2graph, and pic2graph now attempt to adapt to very old
installed versions of the ImageMagick and GraphicsMagick programs
"convert". They search the output of convert's "-help" option, and
use "-trim" if that string is found; otherwise, the old "-crop 0x0"
method (which produces incompatible results on versions that _do_
support "-trim") is used. The programs emit a warning to standard
error if the search fails and the old method is used.
o eqn2graph no longer supports the "-unsafe" option. It did nothing.
o groffer now supports the output of XHTML. Use the "--xhtml" or
"--mode=xhtml" command-line options to generate it.
o Much work has been done, and is ongoing, to make groff's man pages
better examples for man page writers to follow. groff_man(7) itself
has been expanded and largely rewritten to more precisely document the
macro package's behavior and to be more helpful and accessible to man
page writers who may never read any other groff documentation.
VERSION 1.22.3
==============
Gxditview
---------
o X11 resources for `gxditview', which were previously installed in
/usr/X11/lib/X11/app-defaults no matter which `prefix' was set, are
now installed in appresdir=$prefix/lib/X11/app-defaults. If
`appresdir' is not a standard X11 resource directory, the environment
variable XFILESEARCHPATH should be set to this path. The standard
default directories depends on the system `libXt'. Common directories
include:
/usr/lib/X11/app-defaults
/usr/share/X11/app-defaults
/etc/X11/app-defaults
Note that if the option `--with-appresdir' is passed to `configure',
the `prefix' will not be added to `appresdir'.
Glilypond
---------
o This new preprocessor (contributed by Bernd Warken) allows embedding
of code for GNU LilyPond (http://www.lilypond.org), a music
typesetter. The data gets automatically processed and embedded as EPS
images.
Gperl
-----
o Bernd Warken contributed a new preprocessor to handle Perl code that
can be evaluated and then processed by groff.
Gpinyin
-------
o Another preprocessor from Bernd Warken to pretty-print Pinyin
syllables like `guo2wang2' as `guówáng'.
Pdfroff
-------
o The pdfroff utility script now activates its `--no-toc-relocation'
option by default, unless a request similar to:
.if !\n[PHASE] .tm pdfroff-option:set toc_relocation=enabled
is invoked during input file processing; (`.if !\n[PHASE] ...' ensures
that the effect of the `.tm' request is restricted to the document
setup phase of processing, as pdfroff sets it to 1 or 2 in the output
phase, but leaves it unset in the setup phase).
The bundled `spdf.tmac' macro package, which implicitly activates
`-mpdfmark' for `ms' macro users, ensures that TOC relocation is
appropriately enabled, when the `.TC' macro is invoked.
Macro Packages
--------------
o New default values for hyphenation. The previous values were too
strict, suppressing some hyphenation points unnecessarily.
o The -mom macro package now has full support for eqn, pic, and tbl, as
well as captioning and labelling of PDF images and preprocessor
output. Lists of Figures, Equations, and Tables can now be
autogenerated. PDF_IMAGE has a new FRAME option.
o A French introduction to the -me macro package has been added (file
`meintro_fr.me').
o In -mdoc, command %C is now available, providing a city or place
reference.
VERSION 1.22.2
==============
Tbl
---
o The character `#' can now be used as an eqn delimiter within tables.
Eqn
---
o A GNU extension
delim on
has been added to reactivate delimiters which have been disabled with
`delim off'.
VERSION 1.22.1
==============
(There was no release 1.22.)
Groff
-----
o A new option `-j' has been added to call the `chem' preprocessor.
Tbl
---
o Improved line numbering support.
Macro Packages
--------------
o Support for the `refer' preprocessor has been added to the -mm macro
package.
o In -me, the `TH' macro was changed for compatibility with line number
support in tables.
`bl' now works inside of blocks.
The behaviour of centered blocks has been improved.
Line numbering support has been improved.
o The -mom macro package has reached version 2.0, focusing on PDF output
with gropdf (using the new `pdfmom' wrapper script). See the file
`version-2.html' of the -mom documentation for a list of the many
changes.
o Some generic Unicode fallback characters (mainly Roman numerals) have
been added.
Gropdf
------
o A new driver for generating PDF output directly, contributed by Deri
James <[email protected]>. Note that this driver is written
in Perl, thus you need a working Perl installation to run this output
device.
Pdfmom
------
o A new wrapper around groff that facilitates the production of PDF
documents from files formatted with the -mom macros.
VERSION 1.21
============
Troff
-----
o The new `lsm' request specifies a macro to be invoked when leading
spaces in an input line are encountered (which are removed then).
Number registers `lsn' and `lss' hold the number of removed leading
spaces and the corresponding horizontal space, respectively.
o There is a new warning category `file', enabled by default. The `mso'
request emits warnings in this category when the requested macro file
does not exist.
o The new `class' request assigns a short name to a set of characters
which can be referred to in the `cflags' request. This is especially
useful to control line-breaking and hyphenation rules in CJK
languages.
o Three new values for the `cflags' request have been added, which are
needed for proper CJK support.
128 prohibit before but allow break after character
256 prohibit after but allow break before character
512 allow break before and after character
Tbl
---
o A new global option `nowarn' suppresses warnings if tables are longer
than the current line width.
Afmtodit
--------
o New option `-o' to specify the name of the output file.
Macro Packages
--------------
o A new macro `%U' has been added to the mdoc package to indicate a URL
reference within an .Rs/.Re environment.
o Rudimentary support for the Japanese script has been added, most
suitable for man page handling as output by grotty. The file
`ja.tmac' contains the necessary setup to allow line breaks before and
after CJK characters (with proper exceptions). Note, however, that no
inter-character spacing is implemented yet -- this usually causes many
warnings about bad line breaks.
VERSION 1.20.1
==============
A packaging error made it necessary to publish this release. No
user-visible changes.
VERSION 1.20
============
Groff
-----
o XHTML support has been added to grohtml and can be specified by
-Txhtml. This option also utilizes the MathML capability of eqn and
combines the outputs of both in the final XHTML file. Users can also
specify the `-P-V' option together with `-Txhtml' in groff. This has
the effect of creating an XHTML validator button at the bottom of each
page.
o Some options have been added to control a new preprocessor,
`preconv' (see below): `-k' activates it, `-K' sets the input
encoding, and `-D' sets the default encoding.
o A new environment variable `GROFF_ENCODING' sets the encoding of input
files; it implies command option `-k'.
Troff
-----
o Two new requests `device' and `devicem' have been added which are
equivalents to the \X and \Y escapes, respectively.
o A new read-only number register `.br' is available which is set to 1
if a macro is called as .foo and to 0 if called as 'foo. This allows
to reliably modify requests.
.als bp@orig bp
.de bp
. tm before bp
. ie \\n[.br] .bp@orig
. el 'bp@orig
. tm after bp
..
o A new request `fzoom' has been added to adjust the optical size of a
font in relation to the others. The zoom factor is given in integer
multiples of 1/1000th. In the following example, the CR font is
magnified by 10% (the zoom factor is 1.1).
.fam P
.fzoom CR 1100
.ps 12
Palatino and \f[CR]Courier\f[]
The new number register `.zoom' holds the zoom value of the current
font, in multiples of 1/1000th.
o The `cflags' request has been extended with a new flag value 64, to be
used in combination with values 2 (break before character) and 4
(break after character). If set, the hyphenation codes of the
surrounding characters are ignored.
o A new debugging request, `pev', has been added to print all of the
current known environments to stderr. It first prints the state of
the current environment, then iterates through all of the known
environments, printing each except the one that is current.
o A new escape `\$^' has been added. It represents the parameters of a
macro as if they were an argument to the `ds' request. This is used
by `trace.tmac'.
o A new read-only number register `.O' is available which returns the
current suppression level as set by the `\O' escape.
o The space width emitted by the `\|' and `\^' escape sequences can be
controlled on a per-font basis. If there is a glyph named `\|' or
`\^', respectively (note the leading backslash), defined in the
current font file, use this glyph's width instead of the default
value.
This behaviour is not new, but hasn't been documented before.
Nroff
-----
o Two new command line options `-w' and `-W' are accepted and passed to
groff to enable and disable warning messages, respectively.
Preconv
-------
o This is a new preprocessor to convert various input encodings to
something groff understands (this is, ASCII and \[uXXXX] entities,
with `XXXX' a hexadecimal number with 4 to 6 digits, representing a
Unicode input code). Normally, preconv should be invoked with options
`-k' and `-K' of groff. See the preconv man page for details.
Pic
---
o int(x) now really behaves as documented: It truncates the non-integer
part of x, this is, it rounds towards zero and not towards the next
integer less than or equal to x.
o Pic now supports up to 32 macro arguments (and up to 16 on EBCDIC
platforms).
o Heinz-Jürgen Örtel contributed code for two new keywords, `xslanted'
and `yslanted', which can change the shape of boxes into arbitrary
parallelograms.
Tbl
---
o Latest versions of DWB tbl introduced an `x' column specifier for a
single column expanded to the line width. GNU tbl has now been
extended to support even multiple `x' specifiers within a table.
o To avoid collision with the new `x' specifier, a block formatting
macro must now be selected with specifier letter `m'.
Eqn
---
o Eric S. Raymond has added a new device type to eqn, MathML. When
-TMathML is enabled, eqn now emits MathML formula markup rather than
groff commands. The new groff -Txhtml device uses this.
Chem
----
o The preprocessor `chem' was added. `chem' is a roff language to
generate chemical structure diagrams. It generates `pic' output.
Grops
-----
o The PS font definition files have been regenerated with newer AFM
versions from Adobe's 35 core fonts as present in most Level 2 PS
printers. The changes are minor (most notably, the addition of the
`Euro' glyph and an extended set of kerning values).
For backwards compatibility, the old set of font definition files is
still available; for details please read the man page of grops.
Grotty
------
o \D'p...' is now supported if the polygon consists entirely of
horizontal and vertical lines.
Grohtml
-------
o XHTML support has been added.
o New command line option `-V' (to be used in XHTML mode) to produce an
XHTML validator button.
o New command line option `-y' to produce a right-justified groff
signature at the end of the document (in combination with option
`-V').
Gxditview
---------
o Support for keyboard navigation has been improved.
o Similar to other X11 applications, there are now two resource files,
`GXditview' and `GXditview-color'.
Groffer
-------
o `groffer' version 1.* exists now in a shell and a Perl version.
Afmtodit
--------
o New option `-c' to output more font information as comments.
o New option `-k' to suppress output of kerning data.
o New option `-f NAME' to set the internal name of the groff font.
Macro Packages
--------------
o Joachim Walsdorff contributed the `hdtbl' package for the generation
of tables, using a syntax very similar to the HTML table model. For
example, a table with two cells and two rows looks like this:
.TBL cols=2
. TR .TD 1*1 .TD 1*2
. TR .TD 2*1 .TD 2*2
.ETB
Here the same table using a more expanded syntax:
.TBL cols=2
. TR
. TD 1*1
. TD 1*2
. TR
. TD 2*1
. TD 2*2
.ETB
Tables can be nested; `hdtbl' works without a preprocessor so that the
full capability of groff's macro engine is available.
This package currently works with `-Tps' only.
o -mandoc now supports multiple man pages (in either man or mdoc
format).
o Fabrice Ménard contributed locales support. In particular, it is now
possible to get French localization of the main macro packages (-ms,
-mm, -me, and -mom, but not -man and -mdoc which are localized
differently) by appending `-mfr' to the list of macro packages.
Example:
groff -ms -mfr foo > foo.ps
Note that latin-9 input encoding is used for French (to support the
`oe' ligature).
o Swedish macro localization (with `-msv') has been added.
o German macro localization (with `-mde' and `-mden' for traditional and
new orthography, respectively) has been added.
o Czech macro localization (with `-mcs') has been added.
Note that latin-2 input encoding is used for Czech.
o A new macro `Dx' has been added to the mdoc package which identifies
the DragonFly OS.
o If mdoc is used to print multiple man pages (together with the -rcR=0
command line option), each man page now starts a new page.
o -mtrace has been considerably improved, now showing number and string
register assignments, among other things. See the groff_trace man
page for details.
o The PSPIC macro now works with all devices (producing a hollow
rectangle on devices which don't support inclusion of PS images) and
is loaded in troffrc at start-up.
o A new auxiliary macro package `62bit' has been added which provides
some macros for adding, multiplying, and dividing signed 62bit
integers (mainly to handle normal groff number operations without
risking overflow errors).
o For -ms, Eric S. Raymond contributed support for ancient Bell Labs
localisms `.SC', `.UC', `.P1', and `.P2'. The latter three are
enabled only after .SC is called.
o A new string, `SN-STYLE', has been added to the ms macros, controlling
the formatting of section numbers in headings defined by `.NH'.
o The new macro package `ptx' provides a template definition for the
`.xx' macro as needed by GNU ptx (for creating permuted indices).
VERSION 1.19.2
==============
Troff
-----
o Analogously to the .ft and \f pair, two new requests `gcolor' and
`fcolor' (which pair with \m and \M, respectively) have been added to
set the glyph and background colours.
o A new read-only, string-valued register `.sty' returns the name of the
current style.
o Two new conditional operators `F <name>' and `S <name>' have been
added. `F' is true if a font <name> exists. `S' is true if a style
<name> has been registered.
o Cyrillic characters have been added to the `utf8' and `html' output
devices.
Pic
---
o The `by' argument in a `for' loop can now be negative if it is
additive. For the multiplicative case, it must be greater than zero.
Eqn
---
o The following keywords aren't new but haven't been documented
previously:
undef NAME (to undefine a macro)
copy "FILE" (a synonym for `include')
space n (to modify the vertical spacing before and after
an equation)
o The following macros aren't new but haven't been documented
previously:
Alpha, ..., Omega (the same as `ALPHA', ..., `OMEGA')
ldots (three dots on the base line)
dollar (a dollar glyph)
o The following keywords have been extended. Again, this isn't new but
hasn't been documented previously:
col n { ... }
lcol n { ... }
rcol n { ... }
ccol n { ... }
pile n { ... }
lpile n { ... }
rpile n { ... }
cpile n { ... } (set vertical spacing between rows to N)
Grohtml
-------
o This device driver has been raised to beta stage; its set of tags
should be stable now.
o New command line option `-s' to set the base point size.
o New command line option `-S' to set the split level while generating
multiple files.
Grotty
------
o Experimental support for zero-width and double-width characters.
Gxditview
---------
o On platforms which have the X Window System this program is now built
and installed automatically.
Xtotroff
--------
o This program to create font definition files for xditview isn't new
but hasn't been installed previously.
Groffer
-------
o A security problem (reported as CAN-2004-0969) has been fixed.
Gdiffmk
-------
o A new script contributed by Mike Bianchi. It compares two groff,
nroff, or troff documents and creates an output with added margin
characters (using `.mc') to indicate the differences.
Pdfroff
-------
o A new wrapper script contributed by Keith Marshall to easily create
PDF documents with groff.
Macro packages
--------------
o ms.tmac
. Support for fractional point sizes: A value for the `PS', `VS',
`FPS', and `VPS' register larger than or equal to 1000 is always
divided by 1000. For example, `.nr PS 10250' sets the document's
font size to 10.25 points.
. The `Ds' and `De' macros provided in ms since groff version 1.19
have been removed; the equivalent `DS' and `DE' macros should be
used instead. X11 documents which actually use `Ds' and `De' always
load a specific macro file from the X11 distribution (`macros.t')
which provides proper definitions for the two macros.
. The following registers have been added for improving layout
control:
PORPHANS
Defines number of lines following `LP', `PP', `QP', `IP' or `XP'
which must be kept together, before any automatic page break.
HORPHANS
Sets number of lines of following paragraph which must be kept
with a heading, defined by `NH' or `SH', before any automatic page
break.
GROWPS
Sets the first level of heading (set with `NH') which keeps the
same point size as body text.
PSINCR
Sets the point size increment for each level of heading (set with
`NH'), below the threshold level set by `GROWPS'; e.g., if
\n[PS] = 10, \n[GROWPS] = 3 and \n[PSINCR] = 2.0p, then `.NH 1'
produces 14pt headings, `.NH 2' produces 12pt, and all other
levels remain at 10pt (because \n[PS] = 10).
. The `SH' macro now accepts a numeric argument, to make heading size
match that of `NH' with same argument value when the
`GROWPS'/`PSINCR' feature is enabled.
Please refer to the documentation of the ms package for other, minor
improvements.
o me.tmac
The section type set with the `++' request is available in the `_M'
register. This isn't new but hasn't been documented before.