diff --git a/pallets/pass/src/lib.rs b/pallets/pass/src/lib.rs
index 8ddbc21..ac75a8e 100644
--- a/pallets/pass/src/lib.rs
+++ b/pallets/pass/src/lib.rs
@@ -47,7 +47,7 @@ pub mod pallet {
 
         type WeightInfo: WeightInfo;
 
-        type Authenticator: Authenticator;
+        type Authenticator: Authenticator<Authority = Self::PalletId>;
 
         type PalletsOrigin: From<frame_system::Origin<Self>>;
 
diff --git a/traits/authn/src/lib.rs b/traits/authn/src/lib.rs
index 31e2665..dd46b82 100644
--- a/traits/authn/src/lib.rs
+++ b/traits/authn/src/lib.rs
@@ -1,7 +1,9 @@
 use codec::{FullCodec, MaxEncodedLen};
-use frame_support::Parameter;
+use frame_support::{traits::Get, Parameter};
 use scale_info::TypeInfo;
 
+pub mod util;
+
 // A reasonabily sized secure challenge
 const CHALLENGE_SIZE: usize = 32;
 pub type Challenge = [u8; CHALLENGE_SIZE];
@@ -25,51 +27,57 @@ pub trait Challenger {
 
 /// Authenticator is used to verify authentication devices that in turn are used to verify users
 pub trait Authenticator {
-    const AUTHORITY: AuthorityId;
+    type Authority: Get<AuthorityId>;
     type Challenger: Challenger;
     type DeviceAttestation: DeviceChallengeResponse<CxOf<Self::Challenger>>;
     type Device: UserAuthenticator<Challenger = Self::Challenger>;
 
-    fn verify_device(&self, attestation: &Self::DeviceAttestation) -> Option<Self::Device> {
-        attestation.authority().eq(&Self::AUTHORITY).then_some(())?;
+    fn verify_device(attestation: Self::DeviceAttestation) -> Option<Self::Device> {
+        attestation
+            .authority()
+            .eq(&Self::Authority::get())
+            .then_some(())?;
         let (cx, challenge) = attestation.used_challenge();
         Self::Challenger::check_challenge(&cx, &challenge)?;
         attestation.is_valid().then_some(())?;
-        Some(self.unpack_device(attestation))
+        Some(Self::unpack_device(attestation))
     }
 
-    /// Extract device information from the verification payload
-    fn unpack_device(&self, verification: &Self::DeviceAttestation) -> Self::Device;
+    /// Extract device information from the attestation payload
+    fn unpack_device(attestation: Self::DeviceAttestation) -> Self::Device;
 }
 
 /// A device capable of verifying a user provided credential
 pub trait UserAuthenticator: FullCodec + MaxEncodedLen + TypeInfo {
-    const AUTHORITY: AuthorityId;
+    type Authority: Get<AuthorityId>;
     type Challenger: Challenger;
     type Credential: UserChallengeResponse<CxOf<Self::Challenger>>;
 
     fn verify_user(&self, credential: &Self::Credential) -> Option<()> {
-        credential.authority().eq(&Self::AUTHORITY).then_some(())?;
+        credential
+            .authority()
+            .eq(&Self::Authority::get())
+            .then_some(())?;
         let (cx, challenge) = credential.used_challenge();
         Self::Challenger::check_challenge(&cx, &challenge)?;
         credential.is_valid().then_some(())
     }
 
-    fn device_id(&self) -> DeviceId;
+    fn device_id(&self) -> &DeviceId;
 }
 
-pub trait ChallengeResponse<Cx>: Parameter {
+/// A response to a challenge for creating a new authentication device
+pub trait DeviceChallengeResponse<Cx>: Parameter {
     fn is_valid(&self) -> bool;
     fn used_challenge(&self) -> (Cx, Challenge);
     fn authority(&self) -> AuthorityId;
-}
-
-/// A response to a challenge for creating a new authentication device
-pub trait DeviceChallengeResponse<Cx>: ChallengeResponse<Cx> {
-    fn device_id(&self) -> DeviceId;
+    fn device_id(&self) -> &DeviceId;
 }
 
 /// A response to a challenge for identifying a user
-pub trait UserChallengeResponse<Cx>: ChallengeResponse<Cx> {
+pub trait UserChallengeResponse<Cx>: Parameter {
+    fn is_valid(&self) -> bool;
+    fn used_challenge(&self) -> (Cx, Challenge);
+    fn authority(&self) -> AuthorityId;
     fn user_id(&self) -> HashedUserId;
 }
diff --git a/traits/authn/src/util.rs b/traits/authn/src/util.rs
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e9006c5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/traits/authn/src/util.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,178 @@
+use std::marker::PhantomData;
+
+use codec::{Decode, Encode, FullCodec, MaxEncodedLen};
+use frame_support::traits::Get;
+use scale_info::TypeInfo;
+
+use crate::{
+    Authenticator, AuthorityId, Challenger, DeviceChallengeResponse, DeviceId, UserAuthenticator,
+    UserChallengeResponse,
+};
+
+type ChallengerOf<Dev> = <Dev as UserAuthenticator>::Challenger;
+type CxOf<C> = <C as Challenger>::Context;
+
+/// Convenient auto-implemtator of the Authenticator trait
+pub struct Auth<Dev, Att>(PhantomData<(Dev, Att)>);
+
+impl<Dev, Att> Authenticator for Auth<Dev, Att>
+where
+    Att: DeviceChallengeResponse<CxOf<ChallengerOf<Dev>>>,
+    Dev: UserAuthenticator + From<Att>,
+{
+    type Authority = <Dev as UserAuthenticator>::Authority;
+    type Challenger = ChallengerOf<Dev>;
+    type DeviceAttestation = Att;
+    type Device = Dev;
+
+    fn unpack_device(attestation: Self::DeviceAttestation) -> Self::Device {
+        attestation.into()
+    }
+}
+
+/// Convenient auto-implemtator of the UserAuthenticator trait
+#[derive(Encode, Decode, TypeInfo)]
+#[scale_info(skip_type_params(A, Ch, Cred))]
+struct Dev<T, A, Ch, Cred>(T, PhantomData<(A, Ch, Cred)>);
+
+impl<T, A, Ch, Cred> UserAuthenticator for Dev<T, A, Ch, Cred>
+where
+    T: AsRef<DeviceId> + FullCodec + MaxEncodedLen + TypeInfo,
+    A: Get<AuthorityId>,
+    Ch: Challenger,
+    Cred: UserChallengeResponse<Ch::Context>,
+{
+    type Authority = A;
+    type Challenger = Ch;
+    type Credential = Cred;
+
+    fn device_id(&self) -> &DeviceId {
+        self.0.as_ref()
+    }
+}
+
+impl<T: MaxEncodedLen, A, Ch, Cr> MaxEncodedLen for Dev<T, A, Ch, Cr> {
+    fn max_encoded_len() -> usize {
+        T::max_encoded_len()
+    }
+}
+
+// TODO implement here
+mod pass_key {
+    use codec::{Decode, Encode};
+    use scale_info::TypeInfo;
+
+    use super::{Auth, Dev};
+    use crate::{DeviceChallengeResponse, DeviceId, UserChallengeResponse};
+
+    pub type PassKey<A> = Dev<(), A, (), PassKeyAssertion>;
+    pub type PassKeyManager<A> = Auth<PassKey<A>, PassKeyAttestation>;
+
+    #[derive(Clone, Debug, Decode, Encode, TypeInfo, PartialEq, Eq)]
+    pub struct PassKeyAttestation;
+
+    impl<Cx> DeviceChallengeResponse<Cx> for PassKeyAttestation {
+        fn is_valid(&self) -> bool {
+            todo!()
+        }
+
+        fn used_challenge(&self) -> (Cx, crate::Challenge) {
+            todo!()
+        }
+
+        fn authority(&self) -> crate::AuthorityId {
+            todo!()
+        }
+
+        fn device_id(&self) -> &DeviceId {
+            todo!()
+        }
+    }
+
+    #[derive(Clone, Debug, Encode, Decode, TypeInfo, PartialEq, Eq)]
+    pub struct PassKeyAssertion;
+
+    impl<Cx> UserChallengeResponse<Cx> for PassKeyAssertion {
+        fn is_valid(&self) -> bool {
+            todo!()
+        }
+
+        fn used_challenge(&self) -> (Cx, crate::Challenge) {
+            todo!()
+        }
+
+        fn authority(&self) -> crate::AuthorityId {
+            todo!()
+        }
+
+        fn user_id(&self) -> crate::HashedUserId {
+            todo!()
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+mod dummy {
+    use frame_support::{parameter_types, sp_runtime::str_array as s};
+
+    use crate::{
+        AuthorityId, Challenger, DeviceChallengeResponse, DeviceId, HashedUserId,
+        UserChallengeResponse,
+    };
+
+    use super::{Auth, Dev};
+
+    type DummyAttestation = bool;
+    type DummyCredential = bool;
+    type DummyChallenger = u8;
+    type DummyCx = <DummyChallenger as Challenger>::Context;
+
+    parameter_types! {
+        const DummyAuthority: AuthorityId = s("dummy_authority");
+    }
+    pub const DUMMY_DEV: DeviceId = s("dummy_device");
+    pub const DUMMY_USER: HashedUserId = s("dummy_user_hash");
+
+    impl Challenger for DummyChallenger {
+        type Context = Self;
+        fn generate(cx: &Self::Context) -> crate::Challenge {
+            [*cx; 32]
+        }
+    }
+
+    pub type DummyDev = Dev<DeviceId, DummyAttestation, DummyChallenger, DummyCredential>;
+    pub type Dummy = Auth<DummyDev, DummyAttestation>;
+
+    impl DeviceChallengeResponse<DummyCx> for DummyAttestation {
+        fn device_id(&self) -> &DeviceId {
+            &DUMMY_DEV
+        }
+
+        fn is_valid(&self) -> bool {
+            *self
+        }
+        fn used_challenge(&self) -> (DummyCx, crate::Challenge) {
+            (0, [0; 32])
+        }
+        fn authority(&self) -> crate::AuthorityId {
+            DummyAuthority::get()
+        }
+    }
+
+    impl UserChallengeResponse<DummyCx> for DummyCredential {
+        fn user_id(&self) -> crate::HashedUserId {
+            DUMMY_USER
+        }
+
+        fn is_valid(&self) -> bool {
+            *self
+        }
+
+        fn used_challenge(&self) -> (DummyCx, crate::Challenge) {
+            (0, [0; 32])
+        }
+
+        fn authority(&self) -> crate::AuthorityId {
+            DummyAuthority::get()
+        }
+    }
+}