Given a sorted array of integers nums and integer values a, b and c. Apply a function of the form f(x) = ax2 + bx + c to each element x in the array.
The returned array must be in sorted order.
Expected time complexity: O(n)
Example: nums = [-4, -2, 2, 4], a = 1, b = 3, c = 5,
Result: [3, 9, 15, 33]
nums = [-4, -2, 2, 4], a = -1, b = 3, c = 5
Result: [-23, -5, 1, 7]
Parabola trends
if a >= 0, bigger results are at both ends of array otherwise, bigger values appear in middle