Add prototype support for an `ak.apply` function #8642

Job	Run time
lint	3s
arkouda_python_portability (3.9)	14m 20s
arkouda_makefile (3.9)	15m 55s
arkouda_python_portability (3.10)	13m 56s
arkouda_chpl_portability (2.0.0)	13m 29s
arkouda_makefile (3.10)	15m 59s
arkouda_python_portability (3.11)	13m 33s
arkouda_makefile_almalinux (3.9)	16m 21s
arkouda_chpl_portability (2.1.0)	14m 15s
arkouda_makefile (3.11)	16m 35s
arkouda_chpl_portability (2.2.0)	13m 32s
arkouda_makefile_almalinux (3.10)	16m 55s
arkouda_chpl_portability (2.3.0)	14m 2s
arkouda_makefile_almalinux (3.11)	16m 54s
docs	3m 54s
flake8	1m 32s
mypy	1m 33s
arkouda_benchmark_linux (chapel, 2)	9m 10s
arkouda_multi-dim (2.0.0)	21m 20s
arkouda_tests_linux (chapel, 2)	16m 8s
arkouda_multi-dim (2.1.0)	21m 17s
arkouda_multi-dim (2.2.0)	21m 38s
arkouda_multi-dim (2.3.0)	20m 58s
	5h 13m 19s

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