ci: install latest protobuf in dev-builder image

docker/dev-builder/ubuntu/Dockerfile

@@ -15,15 +15,21 @@ RUN apt-get update && \
 RUN apt-get update && DEBIAN_FRONTEND=noninteractive apt-get install -y \
     libssl-dev \
     tzdata \
-    protobuf-compiler \
     curl \
+    unzip \
     ca-certificates \
     git \
     build-essential \
     pkg-config \
     python3.10 \
     python3.10-dev
 
+# Install protobuf, because the one in the apt is too old (v3.12).
+RUN curl -OL https://github.com/protocolbuffers/protobuf/releases/download/v29.1/protoc-29.1-linux-x86_64.zip
+RUN unzip protoc-29.1-linux-x86_64.zip -d protoc3
+RUN mv protoc3/bin/* /usr/local/bin/
+RUN mv protoc3/include/* /usr/local/include/
+
 # https://github.com/GreptimeTeam/greptimedb/actions/runs/10935485852/job/30357457188#step:3:7106
 # `aws-lc-sys` require gcc >= 10.3.0 to work, hence alias to use gcc-10
 RUN apt-get remove -y gcc-9 g++-9 cpp-9 && \