Drop support for EOL Python 3.8

[hugovk]

Changes

Drop support for EOL Python 3.8.

Remove redundant code and upgrade syntax for 3.9+.

https://discuss.python.org/t/python-3-8-is-now-officially-eol/66983

Checklist

If this is a user-facing code change, like a bugfix or a new feature, please ensure that
you've fulfilled the following conditions (where applicable):

• [n/a] You've added tests (in tests/) added which would fail without your patch
• You've updated the documentation (in docs/, in case of behavior changes or new
  features)
• You've added a new changelog entry (in docs/versionhistory.rst).

If this is a trivial change, like a typo fix or a code reformatting, then you can ignore
these instructions.

Updating the changelog

If there are no entries after the last release, use **UNRELEASED** as the version.
If, say, your patch fixes issue #999, the entry should look like this:

* Fix big bad boo-boo in the encoder (#999 <https://github.com/agronholm/cbor2/issues/999>_; PR by @yourgithubaccount)

If there's no issue linked, just link to your pull request instead by updating the
changelog after you've created the PR.

[coveralls]

coverage: 93.542%. remained the same
when pulling c309d13 on hugovk:master
into 6427d37 on agronholm:master.

[agronholm]

Thanks.