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import numpy as np | ||
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# Initialize the weights and bias | ||
def initialize_parameters(): | ||
weights = np.array([0.0]) | ||
bias = np.array([4.0]) | ||
return weights, bias | ||
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# Define the mean squared error loss function | ||
def mse_loss(y_true, y_pred): | ||
return np.mean((y_true - y_pred) ** 2) | ||
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# Define the derivative of the mean squared error loss function | ||
def mse_loss_derivative(y_true, y_pred): | ||
return -2 * (y_true - y_pred) | ||
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# Perform forward propagation | ||
def forward_propagation(x, weights, bias): | ||
return x * weights + bias | ||
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# Perform backward propagation and update parameters | ||
def backward_propagation(x, y_true, y_pred, weights, bias, learning_rate): | ||
dW = np.sum(mse_loss_derivative(y_true, y_pred) * x) | ||
dB = np.sum(mse_loss_derivative(y_true, y_pred)) | ||
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weights -= learning_rate * dW | ||
bias -= learning_rate * dB | ||
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return weights, bias | ||
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# Train the model using backpropagation | ||
def train(x_train, y_train, epochs, learning_rate): | ||
weights, bias = initialize_parameters() | ||
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for epoch in range(1, epochs + 1): | ||
y_pred = forward_propagation(x_train, weights, bias) | ||
loss = mse_loss(y_train, y_pred) | ||
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weights, bias = backward_propagation( | ||
x_train, y_train, y_pred, weights, bias, learning_rate | ||
) | ||
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if epoch % 10 == 0: | ||
print(f"Epoch {epoch}, Loss: {loss}, Weights: {weights}, Bias: {bias}") | ||
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return weights, bias | ||
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# Test data | ||
x_data = np.array([[-1], [0], [1], [2], [3]]) | ||
y_data = np.array([-3, -1, 1, 3, 5]) | ||
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# Hyperparameters | ||
learning_rate = 0.001 | ||
epochs = 1000 | ||
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# Train the model | ||
weights, bias = train(x_data, y_data, epochs, learning_rate) | ||
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print(f"Trained Weights: {weights}") | ||
print(f"Trained Bias: {bias}") | ||
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# Predict new output | ||
x_test = np.array([[5], [6]]) | ||
y_test = forward_propagation(x_test, weights, bias) | ||
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print(f"Predictions: {y_test}") |
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