fix: go version unification

[Mughees2001]

Closes #87

[Mughees2001]

• Used go.mod as the single source of truth for the Go version.
• Updated Dockerfile to use a pre-built harpoon artifact instead of building it.
• Modified Makefile to extract and pass the Go version from go.mod.
• Updated GitHub Actions workflows (build-and-release.yaml, build.yaml, tests.yaml) to dynamically extract the Go version from go.mod.

[alegrey91]

• Used go.mod as the single source of truth for the Go version.
• Updated Dockerfile to use a pre-built harpoon artifact instead of building it.
• Modified Makefile to extract and pass the Go version from go.mod.
• Updated GitHub Actions workflows (build-and-release.yaml, build.yaml, tests.yaml) to dynamically extract the Go version from go.mod.

Hey @Mughees2001, thanks for your contribution, this was exactly what I needed.
Overall it looks good.
Just few comments:

• Could you please add the also for the other Go versions at .github/workflows/tests.yaml (lines 62 and 119).
• The Dockerfile is not using a pre-built harpoon artifact (you should basicallly remove the builder stage and COPY harpoon from outside, eg. COPY bin/harpoon .)

[Mughees2001]

I have tried to fix the issues. Please let me know if anything else is required.

[alegrey91]

I have tried to fix the issues. Please let me know if anything else is required.

If you are referring to the pipeline, don't worry, it's a flaky test.
About the Dockerfile, you should remove all the lines before FROM debian:bookworm-slim.
Please test the whole flow to ensure this is working properly before pushing. Otherwise please restore the Dockerfile.

[Mughees2001]

I have restored the Dockerfile back. I couldn't test because my docker daemon wasn't working for some reason.

[alegrey91]

LGTM.
Thanks @Mughees2001 for your contribution :)
Thanks @ccoVeille for the suggested changes.