docs(x/accounts/defaults/lockup): Add tutorial document (backport #22168

) (#22187)

Co-authored-by: son trinh <[email protected]>

x/accounts/defaults/lockup/TUTORIAL.md

@@ -0,0 +1,243 @@
+# Using lockup account on Cosmos sdk
+
+* [Setup](#setup)
+* [Init](#init)
+* [Execution](#execution)
+    * [Delegate](#delegate)
+    * [Undelegate](#undelegate)
+    * [Withdraw reward](#withdraw-reward)
+    * [Withdraw unlocked token](#withdraw-unlocked-token)
+    * [Send coins](#send-coins)
+* [Query](#query)
+    * [Query account info](#query-account-info)
+    * [Query periodic lockup account locking periods](#query-periodic-lockup-account-locking-periods)
+
+To learn more about lockup account, please also check out [readme](./README.md)
+
+## Setup 
+
+To create a lockup account we need 2 wallets (newly created or use any of the existing wallet that you have) one for the creator and one for the owner of the lockup account. 
+
+```bash
+simd keys add creator 
+simd keys add owner
+```
+
+## Init
+
+Normally the creator must have enough token to grant to the lockup account during the lockup account init process. The owner wallet should be associated with the individual that the creator want to grant the fund to.
+
+Now, the creator can craft the lockup account init messages. This message depend on what type of lockup account the creator want to create.
+For continous, delayed, permanent locking account:
+
+```json
+{
+    "owner": "cosmos1vaqh39cdex9sgr69ef0tdln5cn0hdyd3s0lx45",
+    "end_time": 1495793860
+    "start_time": 1465793854
+}
+```
+
+:::info
+`start_time` is only needed for continous locking account init process. For the other two, you dont have to set it in. Error will returned if `start_time` is not provided when creating continous locking account*
+:::
+
+For periodic locking account:
+
+```json
+    {
+      "owner": "cosmos1vaqh39cdex9sgr69ef0tdln5cn0hdyd3s0lx45",
+      "locking_periods": [
+          {
+            "length": 84600
+            "amount": {
+                "denom": "stake",
+                "amount": 2000
+            }
+          },
+          {
+            "length": 84600
+            "amount": {
+                "denom": "stake",
+                "amount": 1500
+            }
+          }
+      ]
+      "start_time": 1465793854
+    }
+```
+
+Periodic locking account locking duration is the combines of all the period length from `locking_periods`.
+
+The `owner` field takes a string while `start_time` and `end_time` takes a timestamp as value. `locking_periods` are an array of `period`s which consist of 2 field: `length` for the duration of that period and the `amount` that will be release after such duration.
+
+To initialize the account, we have to run the accounts init command passing the account type and the json string for the init message.
+
+```bash
+initcontents=$(cat init.json)
+simd tx accounts init <lockup_type> $initcontents --from creator
+```
+
+Whereas the available `lockup_type` options are: 
+
+* continuous-locking-account
+
+* delayed-locking-account
+
+* periodic-locking-account
+
+* permanent-locking-account
+
+If success, we'll check the tx result for the lockup account address. You can send token to it like a normal account. 
+
+## Execution
+
+To execute a message, we can use the command below:
+
+```bash
+msgcontents=$(cat msg.json)
+simd tx accounts execute <account_address> <execute-msg-type-url> $msgcontents --from owner
+```
+
+Whereas `execute-msg-type-url` and `msgcontents`  corresponds to lockup account available executions, which are:
+
+### Delegate
+
+The execute message type url for this execution is `cosmos.accounts.defaults.lockup.MsgDelegate`.
+
+Example of json file:
+
+```json
+{
+    "sender": "cosmos1vaqh39cdex9sgr69ef0tdln5cn0hdyd3s0lx45",
+    "validator_address": "cosmosvaloper1vaqh39cdex9sgr69ef0tdln5cn0hdyd3s0lx45",
+    "amount": {
+        "amount": 100
+        "denom": "stake"
+    }
+}
+``` 
+
+:::warning
+The `sender` field are the address of the owner of the lockup account. If the sender is not the owner an error will be returned.
+:::
+
+### Undelegate
+
+The execute message type url for this execution is `cosmos.accounts.defaults.lockup.MsgUndelegate`.
+
+Example of json file:
+
+```json
+{
+    "sender": "cosmos1vaqh39cdex9sgr69ef0tdln5cn0hdyd3s0lx45",
+    "validator_address": "cosmosvaloper1vaqh39cdex9sgr69ef0tdln5cn0hdyd3s0lx45",
+    "amount": {
+        "amount": 100
+        "denom": "stake"
+    }
+}
+``` 
+
+:::warning
+The `sender` field are the address of the owner of the lockup account. If the sender is not the owner an error will be returned.
+:::
+
+### Withdraw reward 
+
+The execute message type url for this execution is `cosmos.accounts.defaults.lockup.MsgWithdrawReward`.
+
+Example of json file:
+
+```json
+{
+    "sender": "cosmos1vaqh39cdex9sgr69ef0tdln5cn0hdyd3s0lx45",
+    "validator_address": "cosmosvaloper1vaqh39cdex9sgr69ef0tdln5cn0hdyd3s0lx45",
+}
+```
+
+:::warning
+The `sender` field are the address of the owner of the lockup account. If the sender is not the owner an error will be returned.
+:::
+
+### Withdraw unlocked token
+
+The execute message type url for this execution is `cosmos.accounts.defaults.lockup.MsgWithdraw`.
+
+Example of json file:
+
+```json
+{
+    // lockup account owner address
+    "withdrawer": "cosmos1vaqh39cdex9sgr69ef0tdln5cn0hdyd3s0lx46",
+    // withdraw to an account of choice
+    "to_address": "cosmos1vaqh39cdex9sgr69ef0tdln5cn0hdyd3s0lx47",
+    "denoms": ["stake"]
+}
+``` 
+
+:::warning
+The `withdrawer` field are the address of the owner of the lockup account. If the sender is not the owner an error will be returned.
+:::
+
+### Send coins
+
+The execute message type url for this execution is `cosmos.accounts.defaults.lockup.MsgSend`.
+
+Example of json file:
+
+```json
+{
+    "sender": "cosmos1vaqh39cdex9sgr69ef0tdln5cn0hdyd3s0lx45",
+    "to_address": "cosmos1vaqh39cdex9sgr69ef0tdln5cn0hdyd3s0lx46",
+    "amount": {
+        "amount": 100
+        "denom": "stake"
+    }
+}
+``` 
+
+:::warning
+The `sender` field are the address of the owner of the lockup account. If the sender is not the owner an error will be returned.
+:::
+
+## Query
+
+To query a lockup account state, we can use the command below:
+
+```bash
+querycontents=$(cat query.json)
+simd tx accounts query <account_address> <query-request-type-url> $querycontents --from owner
+```
+
+### Query account info
+
+The query request type url for this query is `cosmos.accounts.defaults.lockup.QueryLockupAccountInfoRequest`. And query json file can be an empty object since `QueryLockupAccountInfoRequest` does not required an input.
+
+Account informations including:
+
+* original locked amount
+
+* delegated amount that are locked
+
+* delegated amount that are free
+
+* start and end time
+
+* owner address
+
+* current locked and unlocked amount
+
+### Query periodic lockup account locking periods
+
+:::info
+Note, can only be queried from a periodic lockup account
+:::
+
+The query request type url for this query is `cosmos.accounts.defaults.lockup.QueryLockingPeriodsRequest`. And query json file can be an empty object since `QueryLockingPeriodsRequest` does not required an input.
+
+Locking periods including:
+
+* List of period with its duration and amount
+
+