Webdriver Manager for Python

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The main idea is to simplify management of binary drivers for different browsers.

For now support:

• ChromeDriver

• GeckoDriver

• IEDriver

• OperaDriver

• EdgeChromiumDriver

Compatible with Selenium 4.x and below.

Before: You should download binary chromedriver, unzip it somewhere in you PC and set path to this driver like this:

from selenium import webdriver
driver = webdriver.Chrome('/home/user/drivers/chromedriver')

It’s boring!!! Moreover every time the new version of driver released, you should go and repeat all steps again and again.

With webdriver manager, you just need to do two simple steps:

Install manager:

pip install webdriver-manager

Use with Chrome

# selenium 3
from selenium import webdriver
from webdriver_manager.chrome import ChromeDriverManager

driver = webdriver.Chrome(ChromeDriverManager().install())

# selenium 4
from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver.chrome.service import Service
from webdriver_manager.chrome import ChromeDriverManager

driver = webdriver.Chrome(service=Service(ChromeDriverManager().install()))

Use with Chromium

# selenium 3
from selenium import webdriver
from webdriver_manager.chrome import ChromeDriverManager
from webdriver_manager.utils import ChromeType

driver = webdriver.Chrome(ChromeDriverManager(chrome_type=ChromeType.CHROMIUM).install())

# selenium 4
from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver.chrome.service import Service
from webdriver_manager.chrome import ChromeDriverManager
from webdriver_manager.utils import ChromeType

driver = webdriver.Chrome(service=Service(ChromeDriverManager(chrome_type=ChromeType.CHROMIUM).install()))

Use with Brave

# selenium 3
from selenium import webdriver
from webdriver_manager.chrome import ChromeDriverManager
from webdriver_manager.utils import ChromeType

driver = webdriver.Chrome(ChromeDriverManager(chrome_type=ChromeType.BRAVE).install())

# selenium 4
from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver.chrome.service import Service
from webdriver_manager.chrome import ChromeDriverManager
from webdriver_manager.utils import ChromeType

driver = webdriver.Chrome(service=Service(ChromeDriverManager(chrome_type=ChromeType.BRAVE).install()))

Use with Firefox

# selenium 3
from selenium import webdriver
from webdriver_manager.firefox import GeckoDriverManager

driver = webdriver.Firefox(executable_path=GeckoDriverManager().install())

# selenium 4
from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver.firefox.service import Service
from webdriver_manager.firefox import GeckoDriverManager

driver = webdriver.Firefox(service=Service(GeckoDriverManager().install()))

Use with IE

# selenium 3
from selenium import webdriver
from webdriver_manager.microsoft import IEDriverManager

driver = webdriver.Ie(IEDriverManager().install())

# selenium 4
from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver.ie.service import Service
from webdriver_manager.microsoft import IEDriverManager

driver = webdriver.Ie(service=Service(IEDriverManager().install()))

Use with Edge

# selenium 3
from selenium import webdriver
from webdriver_manager.microsoft import EdgeChromiumDriverManager

driver = webdriver.Edge(EdgeChromiumDriverManager().install())

# selenium 4
from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver.edge.service import Service
from webdriver_manager.microsoft import EdgeChromiumDriverManager

driver = webdriver.Edge(service=Service(EdgeChromiumDriverManager().install()))

Use with Opera

# selenium 3 & 4
from selenium import webdriver
from webdriver_manager.opera import OperaDriverManager

driver = webdriver.Opera(executable_path=OperaDriverManager().install())

If the Opera browser is installed in a location other than C:/Program Files or C:/Program Files (x86) on windows and /usr/bin/opera for all unix variants and mac, then use the below code,

from selenium import webdriver
from webdriver_manager.opera import OperaDriverManager

options = webdriver.ChromeOptions()
options.add_argument('allow-elevated-browser')
options.binary_location = "C:\\Users\\USERNAME\\FOLDERLOCATION\\Opera\\VERSION\\opera.exe"
driver = webdriver.Opera(executable_path=OperaDriverManager().install(), options=options)

Configuration

webdriver_manager has several configuration variables you can be interested in.

GH_TOKEN

webdriver_manager downloading some webdrivers from their official GitHub repositories but GitHub has limitations like 60 requests per hour for unauthenticated users. In case not to face an error related to github credentials, you need to create github token and place it into your environment: (*)

Example:

# bash
export GH_TOKEN = "asdasdasdasd"

(*) access_token required to work with GitHub API more info.

There is also possibility to set same variable via ENV VARIABLES, example:

# python
import os
os.environ['GH_TOKEN'] = "asdasdasdasd"

Logging

Make sure to configure the logging facility the way it suits your use case before running your tests, to be able to capture your output.

At the moment, in case no configuration is provided, log messages will be print to a console output and only for levels equal or higher than Warning more info. As of current version all messages logged by webdriver manager are of level Info so nothing will be printed out.

To get log messages of level Info make sure to properly configure logging before using webdriver message, otherwise default configuration will be applied.

E.g.

import logging
logging.basicConfig(level=logging.INFO)

WDM_LOG_LEVEL

You can customize the loggin level of webdriver manager by using the env variable WDM_LOG_LEVEL before running your selenium tests.

The values are set using logging setLevel method, you can find more info here.

At the moment the values are as follows:

Level	Numeric value
CRITICAL	50
ERROR	40
WARNING	30
INFO	20
DEBUG	10
NOTSET	0

E.g. to silent webdriver_manager logs and remove them from console, initialize env variable WDM_LOG_LEVEL with '0':

import os

os.environ['WDM_LOG_LEVEL'] = '0'

WDM_PRINT_FIRST_LINE

By default webdriver manager prints a blank space before its log output if logging is enabled. If you want to disable this, initialize WDM_PRINT_FIRST_LINE with 'False' before your tests:

import os

os.environ['WDM_PRINT_FIRST_LINE'] = 'False'

or via constructor:

ChromeDriverManager("2.26", print_first_line=False).install()

WDM_LOCAL

By default all driver binaries are saved to user.home/.wdm folder. You can override this setting and save binaries to project.root/.wdm.

import os

os.environ['WDM_LOCAL'] = '1'

WDM_SSL_VERIFY

SSL verification can be disabled for downloading webdriver binaries in case when you have troubles with SSL Certificates or SSL Certificate Chain. Just set the environment variable WDM_SSL_VERIFY to "0".

import os

os.environ['WDM_SSL_VERIFY'] = '0'

version

Specify the version of webdriver you need. And webdriver-manager will download it from sources for your os.

ChromeDriverManager(version="2.26").install()

cache_valid_range

Driver cache by default is valid for 1 day. You are able to change this value using constructor parameter:

ChromeDriverManager("2.26", cache_valid_range=1).install()

This will make your test automation more elegant and robust!

Cheers