Merge branch 'main' into bump_0.16

qiskit_aer/noise/noise_model.py

@@ -20,7 +20,8 @@
 
 import numpy as np
 
-from qiskit.circuit import Instruction, Delay
+from qiskit.circuit import QuantumCircuit, Instruction, Delay, Reset
+from qiskit.circuit.library.generalized_gates import PauliGate, UnitaryGate
 from qiskit.providers import QubitProperties
 from qiskit.providers.exceptions import BackendPropertyError
 from qiskit.providers.models.backendproperties import BackendProperties
@@ -959,6 +960,105 @@ def to_dict(self, serializable=False):
 
         return ret
 
+    @staticmethod
+    def from_dict(noise_dict):
+        """
+        Load NoiseModel from a dictionary.
+        Args:
+            noise_dict (dict): A serialized noise model.
+        Returns:
+            NoiseModel: the noise model.
+        Raises:
+            NoiseError: if dict cannot be converted to NoiseModel.
+        """
+        warn(
+            "from_dict has been deprecated as of qiskit-aer 0.15.0"
+            " and will be removed no earlier than 3 months from that release date.",
+            DeprecationWarning,
+            stacklevel=2,
+        )
+
+        def inst_dic_list_to_circuit(dic_list):
+            num_qubits = max(max(dic["qubits"]) for dic in dic_list) + 1
+            circ = QuantumCircuit(num_qubits)
+            for dic in dic_list:
+                if dic["name"] == "reset":
+                    circ.append(Reset(), qargs=dic["qubits"])
+                elif dic["name"] == "kraus":
+                    circ.append(
+                        Instruction(
+                            name="kraus",
+                            num_qubits=len(dic["qubits"]),
+                            num_clbits=0,
+                            params=dic["params"],
+                        ),
+                        qargs=dic["qubits"],
+                    )
+                elif dic["name"] == "unitary":
+                    circ.append(UnitaryGate(data=dic["params"][0]), qargs=dic["qubits"])
+                elif dic["name"] == "pauli":
+                    circ.append(PauliGate(dic["params"][0]), qargs=dic["qubits"])
+                else:
+                    with catch_warnings():
+                        filterwarnings(
+                            "ignore",
+                            category=DeprecationWarning,
+                            module="qiskit_aer.noise.errors.errorutils",
+                        )
+                        circ.append(
+                            UnitaryGate(
+                                label=dic["name"], data=_standard_gate_unitary(dic["name"])
+                            ),
+                            qargs=dic["qubits"],
+                        )
+            return circ
+
+        # Return noise model
+        noise_model = NoiseModel()
+
+        # Get error terms
+        errors = noise_dict.get("errors", [])
+
+        for error in errors:
+            error_type = error["type"]
+
+            # Add QuantumError
+            if error_type == "qerror":
+                circuits = [inst_dic_list_to_circuit(dics) for dics in error["instructions"]]
+                noise_ops = tuple(zip(circuits, error["probabilities"]))
+                qerror = QuantumError(noise_ops)
+                qerror._id = error.get("id", None) or qerror.id
+                instruction_names = error["operations"]
+                all_gate_qubits = error.get("gate_qubits", None)
+                if all_gate_qubits is not None:
+                    for gate_qubits in all_gate_qubits:
+                        # Add local quantum error
+                        noise_model.add_quantum_error(
+                            qerror, instruction_names, gate_qubits, warnings=False
+                        )
+                else:
+                    # Add all-qubit quantum error
+                    noise_model.add_all_qubit_quantum_error(
+                        qerror, instruction_names, warnings=False
+                    )
+
+            # Add ReadoutError
+            elif error_type == "roerror":
+                probabilities = error["probabilities"]
+                all_gate_qubits = error.get("gate_qubits", None)
+                roerror = ReadoutError(probabilities)
+                # Add local readout error
+                if all_gate_qubits is not None:
+                    for gate_qubits in all_gate_qubits:
+                        noise_model.add_readout_error(roerror, gate_qubits, warnings=False)
+                # Add all-qubit readout error
+                else:
+                    noise_model.add_all_qubit_readout_error(roerror, warnings=False)
+            # Invalid error type
+            else:
+                raise NoiseError("Invalid error type: {}".format(error_type))
+        return noise_model
+
     def _instruction_names_labels(self, instructions):
         """Return two lists of instruction name strings and label strings."""
         if not isinstance(instructions, (list, tuple)):

releasenotes/notes/revert_noise_from_dict-b3a85bf28582a9b1.yaml

@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+---
+deprecations:
+  - |
+    Reverting NoiseModel.from_dict temporary to extend deprecation period
+    for qiskit-ibm-runtime, but we will remove again in the future release

releasenotes/notes/truncate_expval-7fa814c732cca8db.yaml

@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+---
+fixes:
+  - |
+    This fix truncates qubits of save_expval operation when EstimatorV2
+    is made from existing backends using `from_backend`.
+    By transpiling on the existing backends, ancilla qubits are filled
+    to all the qubits that causes memory error on the simulator.
+    So Aer removes unused qubits for save_expval operation.

src/framework/circuit.hpp

@@ -46,6 +46,7 @@ class Circuit {
   uint_t num_qubits = 0;    // maximum number of qubits needed for ops
   uint_t num_memory = 0;    // maximum number of memory clbits needed for ops
   uint_t num_registers = 0; // maximum number of registers clbits needed for ops
+  uint_t num_original_qubits = 0; // number of qubits without ancilla qubits
 
   // Measurement params
   bool has_conditional = false; // True if any ops are conditional
@@ -419,7 +420,20 @@ void Circuit::reset_metadata() {
 void Circuit::add_op_metadata(const Op &op) {
   has_conditional |= op.conditional;
   opset_.insert(op);
-  qubitset_.insert(op.qubits.begin(), op.qubits.end());
+  if (!qubitset_.empty() &&
+      (op.type == OpType::save_expval || op.type == OpType::save_expval_var)) {
+    for (int_t j = 0; j < op.expval_params.size(); j++) {
+      const std::string &pauli = std::get<0>(op.expval_params[j]);
+      for (int_t i = 0; i < op.qubits.size(); i++) {
+        // add qubit with non-I operator
+        if (pauli[pauli.size() - 1 - i] != 'I') {
+          qubitset_.insert(op.qubits[i]);
+        }
+      }
+    }
+  } else {
+    qubitset_.insert(op.qubits.begin(), op.qubits.end());
+  }
   memoryset_.insert(op.memory.begin(), op.memory.end());
   registerset_.insert(op.registers.begin(), op.registers.end());
 
@@ -589,6 +603,19 @@ void Circuit::set_params(bool truncation) {
     }
     if (remapped_qubits) {
       remap_qubits(ops[pos]);
+    } else if (truncation && qubitmap_.size() < ops[pos].qubits.size()) {
+      // truncate save_expval here when remap is not needed
+      if (ops[pos].type == OpType::save_expval ||
+          ops[pos].type == OpType::save_expval_var) {
+        int_t nparams = ops[pos].expval_params.size();
+        for (int_t i = 0; i < nparams; i++) {
+          std::string &pauli = std::get<0>(ops[pos].expval_params[i]);
+          std::string new_pauli;
+          new_pauli.assign(pauli.end() - qubitmap_.size(), pauli.end());
+          pauli = new_pauli;
+        }
+        ops[pos].qubits.resize(qubitmap_.size());
+      }
     }
     if (pos != op_idx) {
       ops[op_idx] = std::move(ops[pos]);
@@ -653,11 +680,29 @@ void Circuit::set_params(bool truncation) {
 }
 
 void Circuit::remap_qubits(Op &op) const {
-  reg_t new_qubits;
-  for (auto &qubit : op.qubits) {
-    new_qubits.push_back(qubitmap_.at(qubit));
+  // truncate save_expval
+  if (op.type == OpType::save_expval || op.type == OpType::save_expval_var) {
+    int_t nparams = op.expval_params.size();
+    for (int_t i = 0; i < nparams; i++) {
+      std::string &pauli = std::get<0>(op.expval_params[i]);
+      std::string new_pauli;
+      new_pauli.resize(qubitmap_.size());
+      for (auto q = qubitmap_.cbegin(); q != qubitmap_.cend(); q++) {
+        new_pauli[qubitmap_.size() - 1 - q->second] =
+            pauli[pauli.size() - 1 - q->first];
+      }
+      pauli = new_pauli;
+    }
+    for (int_t i = 0; i < qubitmap_.size(); i++) {
+      op.qubits[i] = i;
+    }
+  } else {
+    reg_t new_qubits;
+    for (auto &qubit : op.qubits) {
+      new_qubits.push_back(qubitmap_.at(qubit));
+    }
+    op.qubits = std::move(new_qubits);
   }
-  op.qubits = std::move(new_qubits);
 }
 
 bool Circuit::check_result_ancestor(

test/terra/noise/test_noise_model.py

@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@
 from qiskit_aer.backends import AerSimulator
 from qiskit_aer.noise import NoiseModel
 from qiskit_aer.noise.device.models import _excited_population
-from qiskit_aer.noise.errors import PauliError, PauliLindbladError
+from qiskit_aer.noise.errors import QuantumError, PauliError, PauliLindbladError
 from qiskit_aer.noise.errors.standard_errors import amplitude_damping_error
 from qiskit_aer.noise.errors.standard_errors import kraus_error
 from qiskit_aer.noise.errors.standard_errors import pauli_error
@@ -31,6 +31,8 @@
 
 import qiskit
 from qiskit.circuit import QuantumRegister, ClassicalRegister, QuantumCircuit
+from qiskit.circuit.library.standard_gates import IGate, XGate
+from qiskit.circuit.library.generalized_gates import PauliGate
 from qiskit.compiler import transpile
 from qiskit.transpiler import CouplingMap, Target
 from qiskit.providers import QubitProperties, BackendV2, Options
@@ -416,6 +418,25 @@ def test_pauli_lindblad_error_sampling_equiv(self):
         probs2 = [counts2.get(i, 0) / shots for i in ["00", "01", "10", "11"]]
         np.testing.assert_allclose(probs1, probs2, atol=5e-2)
 
+    def test_from_dict(self):
+        noise_ops_1q = [((IGate(), [0]), 0.9), ((XGate(), [0]), 0.1)]
+
+        noise_ops_2q = [
+            ((PauliGate("II"), [0, 1]), 0.9),
+            ((PauliGate("IX"), [0, 1]), 0.045),
+            ((PauliGate("XI"), [0, 1]), 0.045),
+            ((PauliGate("XX"), [0, 1]), 0.01),
+        ]
+
+        noise_model = NoiseModel()
+        with self.assertWarns(DeprecationWarning):
+            noise_model.add_quantum_error(QuantumError(noise_ops_1q), "h", [0])
+            noise_model.add_quantum_error(QuantumError(noise_ops_1q), "h", [1])
+            noise_model.add_quantum_error(QuantumError(noise_ops_2q), "cx", [0, 1])
+            noise_model.add_quantum_error(QuantumError(noise_ops_2q), "cx", [1, 0])
+            deserialized = NoiseModel.from_dict(noise_model.to_dict())
+            self.assertEqual(noise_model, deserialized)
+
 
 if __name__ == "__main__":
     unittest.main()

test/terra/primitives/test_estimator_v2.py

@@ -18,6 +18,7 @@
 from test.terra.common import QiskitAerTestCase
 
 import numpy as np
+from qiskit import transpile
 from qiskit.circuit import Parameter, QuantumCircuit
 from qiskit.circuit.library import RealAmplitudes
 from qiskit.primitives import StatevectorEstimator
@@ -26,6 +27,7 @@
 from qiskit.primitives.containers.observables_array import ObservablesArray
 from qiskit.quantum_info import SparsePauliOp
 from qiskit.transpiler.preset_passmanagers import generate_preset_pass_manager
+from qiskit.providers.fake_provider import GenericBackendV2
 
 from qiskit_aer import AerSimulator
 from qiskit_aer.primitives import EstimatorV2
@@ -407,6 +409,42 @@ def test_metadata(self):
             {"target_precision": 0.1, "circuit_metadata": qc2.metadata},
         )
 
+    def test_truncate(self):
+        """Test for truncation of save_expval"""
+        qc = QuantumCircuit(2, 2)
+        qc.h(0)
+        qc.cx(0, 1)
+        qc.append(RealAmplitudes(num_qubits=2, reps=2), [0, 1])
+        backend_2 = GenericBackendV2(num_qubits=2)
+        backend_5 = GenericBackendV2(num_qubits=5)
+
+        qc_2 = transpile(qc, backend_2, optimization_level=0)
+        qc_5 = transpile(qc, backend_5, optimization_level=0)
+
+        estimator_2 = EstimatorV2.from_backend(backend_2, options=self._options)
+        estimator_5 = EstimatorV2.from_backend(backend_5, options=self._options)
+
+        H1 = self.observable
+        H1_2 = H1.apply_layout(qc_2.layout)
+        H1_5 = H1.apply_layout(qc_5.layout)
+        theta1 = [0, 1, 1, 2, 3, 5]
+
+        result_2 = estimator_2.run(
+            [
+                (qc_2, [H1_2], [theta1]),
+            ],
+            precision=0.01,
+        ).result()
+        result_5 = estimator_5.run(
+            [
+                (qc_5, [H1_5], [theta1]),
+            ],
+            precision=0.01,
+        ).result()
+        self.assertAlmostEqual(
+            result_5[0].data["evs"][0], result_2[0].data["evs"][0], delta=self._rtol
+        )
+
 
 if __name__ == "__main__":
     unittest.main()