[#4] Wrapped value (Safe) implementation (addition to Sneaky and Unch…

…ecked)

Sneaky and Unchecked throw Exceptions/Errors or could ignore them completely. It would be great to have something similar to Java's Optionally: a smart return.
→ Either

Safe variants for some of the most important interfaces (like Runnable and Callable) are also desired.
→ SafeRunnable, SafeCallable

jOOL-java-8/src/main/java/org/jooq/lambda/Either.java

@@ -0,0 +1,233 @@
+package org.jooq.lambda;
+
+import org.jooq.lambda.tuple.Tuple2;
+
+import java.util.NoSuchElementException;
+import java.util.Objects;
+import java.util.Optional;
+import java.util.concurrent.Callable;
+import java.util.function.BiConsumer;
+import java.util.function.Consumer;
+import java.util.stream.Stream;
+
+/**
+ * Mix of {@link Tuple2}, {@link Optional} and {@link Callable}
+ * to represent (potentially failed to acquire) "optional" result in functional (Stream API) chain.
+ * <br>
+ * {@link #v1} - nullable returned value<br>
+ * {@link #v2} - {@link Throwable} in case of failure (null otherwise)
+ *
+ * @param <T> the type of value
+ *
+ * @author Andrej Fink
+ */
+public class Either<T> extends Tuple2<T,Throwable> implements Callable<T> {
+
+  private static final Either<?> EMPTY = new Either<>(null,null);
+
+  public static <T> Either<T> empty () {
+    return Wrap.castUnsafe(EMPTY);
+  }
+
+
+  /** Return this Either as {@link Optional} */
+  public Optional<T> optValue () {
+    return Optional.ofNullable(v1);
+  }
+
+  public Optional<Throwable> optThrowable () {
+    return Optional.ofNullable(v2);
+  }
+
+  /*@Nullable*/ public Object either () {
+    return v2 != null ? v2 : v1;
+  }
+
+  // Callable
+
+  @Override @SuppressWarnings("RedundantThrows")
+  /*@Nullable*/ public T call () throws Exception {
+    if (v2 != null) {
+      SeqUtils.sneakyThrow(v2);// throws Exception or Error!
+    }
+    return v1;
+  }//Callable.call
+
+
+  // creation
+
+  private Either (T nullableValue, Throwable nullableThrowable) {
+    super(nullableValue, nullableThrowable);
+  }//new
+
+
+  public static <T> Either<T> success (/*@Nullable*/ T value) {
+    return new Either<>(value, null);
+  }
+
+  public static <T> Either<T> failure (Throwable t) {
+    return new Either<>(null, Objects.requireNonNull(t));
+  }
+
+
+  public boolean isSuccess () {
+    return v2 == null;
+  }
+
+  public boolean isFailure () {
+    return v2 != null;
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * If a value is present (success and not empty), returns {@code true}, otherwise {@code false}.
+   *
+   * @return {@code true} if a value is present, otherwise {@code false}
+   */
+  public boolean isPresent() {
+    return isSuccess() && v1 != null;
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * If a value is not present (failure or null), returns {@code true}, otherwise {@code false}.
+   *
+   * @return  {@code true} if a value is not present, otherwise {@code false}
+   */
+  public boolean isEmpty() {
+    return isFailure() || v1 == null;
+  }
+
+  /** Success, but null */
+  public boolean isNull () {
+    return isSuccess() && v1 == null;
+  }
+
+
+  public Either<T> throwIfFailure () throws IllegalStateException {
+    if (isFailure()) {
+      throw new IllegalStateException("Throwable instead of value", v2);
+    }
+    return this;
+  }
+
+  public Either<T> throwIfEmpty () throws IllegalStateException, NoSuchElementException {
+    if (isFailure()) {
+      throw new IllegalStateException("Throwable instead of value", v2);
+    } else if (v1 == null) {
+      throw new NoSuchElementException("No value present");
+    }
+    return this;
+  }
+
+  public Either<T> throwIfNull () throws NoSuchElementException {
+    if (isNull()) {
+      throw new NoSuchElementException("No value present");
+    }
+    return this;
+  }
+
+
+  public Either<T> ifPresent (Consumer</*@Nullable*/ ? super T> action) {
+    if (isPresent()) {
+      action.accept(v1);
+    }
+    return this;
+  }
+
+
+  public Either<T> ifNull (Runnable nullAction) {
+    if (isNull()) {
+      nullAction.run();
+    }
+    return this;
+  }
+
+  public Either<T> ifEmpty (Consumer</*@Nullable*/ Throwable> failureOrNullAction) {
+    if (isEmpty()) {
+      failureOrNullAction.accept(v2);
+    }
+    return this;
+  }
+
+  public Either<T> ifSuccess (Consumer</*@Nullable*/ ? super T> nullSafeAction) {
+    if (isSuccess()) {
+      nullSafeAction.accept(v1);
+    }
+    return this;
+  }
+
+
+  public Either<T> ifFailure (Consumer<Throwable> failureAction) {
+    if (isFailure()) {
+      failureAction.accept(v2);
+    }
+    return this;
+  }
+
+
+  public void consume (BiConsumer</*@Nullable*/ ? super T,Throwable> consumer) {
+    consumer.accept(v1, v2);
+  }
+
+
+  /**
+   * If a value is present, returns a sequential {@link Stream} containing
+   * only that value, otherwise returns an empty {@code Stream}.
+   * <p>
+   * This method can be used to transform a {@code Stream} of optional
+   * elements to a {@code Stream} of present value elements:
+   * <pre>{@code
+   *     Stream<Optional<T>> os = ..
+   *     Stream<T> s = os.flatMap(Optional::stream)
+   * }</pre>
+   *
+   * @return the optional value as a {@code Stream}
+   */
+  public Stream<T> stream () {
+    if (isEmpty()) {
+      return Stream.empty();
+    } else {
+      return Stream.of(v1);
+    }
+  }
+
+
+  @Override
+  public boolean equals (Object obj) {
+    if (this == obj) {
+      return true;
+    }
+
+    if (obj instanceof Tuple2<?,?>) {
+      Tuple2<?,?> o = (Tuple2<?,?>) obj;
+      return Objects.equals(v1, o.v1) && Objects.equals(v2, o.v2);
+
+    } else if (isSuccess() && obj instanceof Optional<?>) {
+      Optional<?> o = (Optional<?>) obj;
+      return Objects.equals(v1, o) || Objects.equals(v1, o.orElse(null));
+
+    } else if (isSuccess()) {
+      return Objects.equals(v1, obj);
+
+    } else if (isFailure() && obj instanceof Throwable) {
+      return Objects.equals(v2, obj);
+    }
+    return false;
+  }
+
+
+  /**
+   * Returns a non-empty string representation of this {@code Either}
+   * suitable for debugging.
+   *
+   * @return the string representation of this instance
+   */
+  @Override public String toString () {
+    if (isFailure()) {
+      return "Either.Failure("+ v2+')';
+
+    } else if (isPresent()) {
+      return "Either("+ v1 +')';
+    }
+    return "Either.Empty";
+  }
+}