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Assuring Trustworthiness of Autonomous Systems as Intelligent and Ethical Teammates. Various forms of teamwork for triaging patients with the help of agents during a pandemic.

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Meaningful Human Control over agents in a code black pandemic triage task

This experiment is part of the paper Assuring Trustworthiness of Autonomous Systems as Intelligent and Ethical Teammates. It shows a task where the human test subject plays the role of a doctor assigned to a hospital section, during code black during a pandemic. The task is to triage every patient, and send them either to the Intensive care, the ward, or home. Test subjects have to follow a set of medical and ethical guidelines in determining the appropriate care for every patient, and also who gains priority in the case of insufficient hospital beds.

The experiment consists of 4 conditions, in which the human collaborates with an agent in different forms:

  • Team Design Pattern (TDP) 0: baseline. The human has to do everything themselves.
  • TDP 1: a decision support agent gives advice on triage decisions.
  • TDP 2: an agent assigns patients to itself it is sure about, and assigns patients to the human in the case of a dilemma (multiple patients but insufficient beds) or otherwise difficult decision. The agent decisions are based on prior value elicited rules from the human.
  • TDP 3: the agent autonomously triages all patients, while the human supervises the process. The agent decisions are based on prior value elicited rules from the human.

See the paper for a more in-depth overview of the experiment.

For a more in depth description of the agent triage algorithm used for TDP 2 (dynamic allocation) and TDP 3 (supervised autonomy), see the (Dutch) document Value elicitation agent algorithm NL.pdf.

How to install

  • Install python3
  • pip install -r requirements.txt

How to run

  • For the tutorial:
    • python3 main_tutorial.py
  • For the experiment:
    • python3 main_exp3.py
    • Choose the TDP / collaboration form you want to work in.
  • Go to 127.0.0.1:3000
  • ctrl + f5 to clear your cache
  • From the dropdown, choose the human doctor
  • Press the play button at the top, and the experiment will start.

Documentation

The experiment is build using MATRX, an open-source framework for simulating human-agent teaming tasks, developed by the Human-Agent-Robot Teaming (HART) Team at TNO. For more info, see the MATRX website.

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Assuring Trustworthiness of Autonomous Systems as Intelligent and Ethical Teammates. Various forms of teamwork for triaging patients with the help of agents during a pandemic.

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