binary_trees Description Tree represents the nodes connected by edges. We will discuss binary tree or binary search tree specifically. Binary Tree is a special datastructure used for data storage purposes. A binary tree has a special condition that each node can have a maximum of two children. A binary tree has the benefits of both an ordered array and a linked list as search is as quick as in a sorted array and insertion or deletion operation are as fast as in linked list.

Important Terms Following are the important terms with respect to tree.

Path − Path refers to the sequence of nodes along the edges of a tree. Root − The node at the top of the tree is called root. There is only one root per tree and one path from the root node to any node. Parent − Any node except the root node has one edge upward to a node called parent. Child − The node below a given node connected by its edge downward is called its child node. Leaf − The node which does not have any child node is called the leaf node. Subtree − Subtree represents the descendants of a node. Visiting − Visiting refers to checking the value of a node when control is on the node. Traversing − Traversing means passing through nodes in a specific order. Levels − Level of a node represents the generation of a node. If the root node is at level 0, then its next child node is at level 1, its grandchild is at level 2, and so on. keys − Key represents a value of a node based on which a search operation is to be carried out for a node.