GHA: Bump Ubuntu runner to 24.04 #810

Job	Run time
build-windows (x86)	59s
build (ubuntu-24.04, gcc, autotools)	1m 2s
build-windows (x64)	1m 18s
build-cross (x86_64-w64-mingw32)	1m 18s
build (ubuntu-24.04, gcc, cmake)	51s
build-cross (i686-w64-mingw32)	1m 22s
build (ubuntu-24.04, clang, autotools)	39s
build (ubuntu-24.04, clang, distcheck)	53s
build (ubuntu-24.04, clang, cmake)	55s
build (macos-13, gcc, autotools)	1m 43s
build (macos-13, gcc, cmake)	1m 28s
build (macos-13, clang, autotools)	1m 15s
build (macos-13, clang, distcheck)	1m 37s
build (macos-13, clang, cmake)	1m 31s
build (macos-14, gcc, autotools)	42s
build (macos-14, gcc, cmake)	41s
build (macos-14, clang, autotools)	40s
build (macos-14, clang, distcheck)	49s
build (macos-14, clang, cmake)	40s
release	0s
	20m 23s

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