[REVIEW] JSON host tree algorithms (#16545)

Depends on #16836
This change adds a new host tree building algorithms for JSON reader and utf8 field name support.

This constructs the device_column_tree using an adjacency list created from parent information.
This adjacency list is pruned based on input schema, and also types are enforced as per schema. `mark_is_pruned`
Tree is constructed from pruned adjacency list, (with mixed types handling). `construct_tree`

utf8 field name support added: (spark requested)
utf8 decoding of field names during hashing of field nodes so that utf8 encoded field names also match to same column.

All unit tests passes, 1 unit test added where old algorithm fails.
This code is kept under experimental flag.

Authors:
  - Shruti Shivakumar (https://github.com/shrshi)
  - Karthikeyan (https://github.com/karthikeyann)

Approvers:
  - Robert (Bobby) Evans (https://github.com/revans2)
  - Vukasin Milovanovic (https://github.com/vuule)
  - Karthikeyan (https://github.com/karthikeyann)

URL: #16545

cpp/include/cudf/io/json.hpp

@@ -105,6 +105,8 @@ class json_reader_options {
   char _delimiter = '\n';
   // Prune columns on read, selected based on the _dtypes option
   bool _prune_columns = false;
+  // Experimental features: new column tree construction
+  bool _experimental = false;
 
   // Bytes to skip from the start
   size_t _byte_range_offset = 0;
@@ -277,6 +279,15 @@ class json_reader_options {
    */
   [[nodiscard]] bool is_enabled_prune_columns() const { return _prune_columns; }
 
+  /**
+   * @brief Whether to enable experimental features.
+   *
+   * When set to true, experimental features, such as the new column tree construction,
+   * utf-8 matching of field names will be enabled.
+   * @return true if experimental features are enabled
+   */
+  [[nodiscard]] bool is_enabled_experimental() const { return _experimental; }
+
   /**
    * @brief Whether to parse dates as DD/MM versus MM/DD.
    *
@@ -453,6 +464,16 @@ class json_reader_options {
    */
   void enable_prune_columns(bool val) { _prune_columns = val; }
 
+  /**
+   * @brief Set whether to enable experimental features.
+   *
+   * When set to true, experimental features, such as the new column tree construction,
+   * utf-8 matching of field names will be enabled.
+   *
+   * @param val Boolean value to enable/disable experimental features
+   */
+  void enable_experimental(bool val) { _experimental = val; }
+
   /**
    * @brief Set whether to parse dates as DD/MM versus MM/DD.
    *
@@ -695,6 +716,21 @@ class json_reader_options_builder {
     return *this;
   }
 
+  /**
+   * @brief Set whether to enable experimental features.
+   *
+   * When set to true, experimental features, such as the new column tree construction,
+   * utf-8 matching of field names will be enabled.
+   *
+   * @param val Boolean value to enable/disable experimental features
+   * @return this for chaining
+   */
+  json_reader_options_builder& experimental(bool val)
+  {
+    options._experimental = val;
+    return *this;
+  }
+
   /**
    * @brief Set whether to parse dates as DD/MM versus MM/DD.
    *

cpp/src/io/json/json_column.cu

@@ -104,7 +104,7 @@ void print_tree(host_span<SymbolT const> input,
  * max row offsets of columns
  */
 std::tuple<tree_meta_t, rmm::device_uvector<NodeIndexT>, rmm::device_uvector<size_type>>
-reduce_to_column_tree(tree_meta_t& tree,
+reduce_to_column_tree(tree_meta_t const& tree,
                       device_span<NodeIndexT const> original_col_ids,
                       device_span<NodeIndexT const> sorted_col_ids,
                       device_span<NodeIndexT const> ordered_node_ids,
@@ -317,14 +317,21 @@ std::pair<std::unique_ptr<column>, std::vector<column_name_info>> device_json_co
     // Note: json_col modified here, moves this memory
   };
 
-  auto get_child_schema = [schema](auto child_name) -> std::optional<schema_element> {
+  auto get_child_schema = [&schema](auto child_name) -> std::optional<schema_element> {
     if (schema.has_value()) {
       auto const result = schema.value().child_types.find(child_name);
       if (result != std::end(schema.value().child_types)) { return result->second; }
     }
     return {};
   };
 
+  auto get_list_child_schema = [&schema]() -> std::optional<schema_element> {
+    if (schema.has_value()) {
+      if (schema.value().child_types.size() > 0) return schema.value().child_types.begin()->second;
+    }
+    return {};
+  };
+
   switch (json_col.type) {
     case json_col_t::StringColumn: {
       // move string_offsets to GPU and transform to string column
@@ -439,9 +446,8 @@ std::pair<std::unique_ptr<column>, std::vector<column_name_info>> device_json_co
                                                      rmm::device_buffer{},
                                                      0);
       // Create children column
-      auto child_schema_element = json_col.child_columns.empty()
-                                    ? std::optional<schema_element>{}
-                                    : get_child_schema(json_col.child_columns.begin()->first);
+      auto child_schema_element =
+        json_col.child_columns.empty() ? std::optional<schema_element>{} : get_list_child_schema();
       auto [child_column, names] =
         json_col.child_columns.empty() or (prune_columns and !child_schema_element.has_value())
           ? std::pair<std::unique_ptr<column>,
@@ -479,6 +485,16 @@ std::pair<std::unique_ptr<column>, std::vector<column_name_info>> device_json_co
   }
 }
 
+template <typename... Args>
+auto make_device_json_column_dispatch(bool experimental, Args&&... args)
+{
+  if (experimental) {
+    return experimental::make_device_json_column(std::forward<Args>(args)...);
+  } else {
+    return make_device_json_column(std::forward<Args>(args)...);
+  }
+}
+
 table_with_metadata device_parse_nested_json(device_span<SymbolT const> d_input,
                                              cudf::io::json_reader_options const& options,
                                              rmm::cuda_stream_view stream,
@@ -524,6 +540,7 @@ table_with_metadata device_parse_nested_json(device_span<SymbolT const> d_input,
                                   gpu_tree,
                                   is_array_of_arrays,
                                   options.is_enabled_lines(),
+                                  options.is_enabled_experimental(),
                                   stream,
                                   cudf::get_current_device_resource_ref());
 
@@ -536,15 +553,16 @@ table_with_metadata device_parse_nested_json(device_span<SymbolT const> d_input,
                0);
 
   // Get internal JSON column
-  make_device_json_column(d_input,
-                          gpu_tree,
-                          gpu_col_id,
-                          gpu_row_offsets,
-                          root_column,
-                          is_array_of_arrays,
-                          options,
-                          stream,
-                          mr);
+  make_device_json_column_dispatch(options.is_enabled_experimental(),
+                                   d_input,
+                                   gpu_tree,
+                                   gpu_col_id,
+                                   gpu_row_offsets,
+                                   root_column,
+                                   is_array_of_arrays,
+                                   options,
+                                   stream,
+                                   mr);
 
   // data_root refers to the root column of the data represented by the given JSON string
   auto& data_root =