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Stop shuffling coupling map node indices in VF2 passes #13492

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@mtreinish mtreinish commented Nov 25, 2024

Summary

This commit updates the preset pass manager construction usage of the VF2Layout and VF2PostLayout to stop shuffling the coupling map nodes by default. The theory behind the node shuffling is that since we limit the search space in the interest of runtime shuffling the node indices would change the search order to hopefully find a match that would be otherwise missed because we hit the internal state visit limit. However, this is showing in practice not to having a huge impact, especially since we're using the ordering heuristic from vf2++ that orders nodes by degree for the vf2 search. However, in the case of a circuit that was hardware efficient this can have the negative effect of making it harder for vf2 to find potential matches, especially on regular lattices. For example, in cases of a square grid lattice coupling map, and a path interaction graph (e.g. 0->1->2->3) the shuffling makes it much harder to find the mapping. This is because the lattice graphs the node degree is the same (or fall into the same few types of nodes) so the influence of the vf2++ heuristic isn't as significant and the index order has a larger impact because it is the search order for vf2. For smaller graphs this wasn't as noticeable but as devices scale up this effect has more of an impact.

Since we rely solely on VF2 to find a perfect layout at higher optimization levels this shuffling is not desirable because we always want to find the perfect layout if it exists, especially for hardware efficient circuits that are constructed to not require swaps. So prioritizing the results for hardware efficient circuits is desirable by default. Especially since most connectivity graphs are lattices and will exhibit the negative impacts for hardware efficient circuits.

From an API impact perspective this doesn't change any of the interfaces or defaults for the VF2 passes in the interest of backwards compatibility. The only change is that this updates how we instantiate the VF2 passes to always use a deterministic node ordering independent of any user specified seed. This will be fully deterministic even in cases the user specifies a seed value for the transpilation, the output just might not be the same as before with the fixed seed; which is not guaranteed between releases.

Details and comments

This commit updates the preset pass manager construction usage of the
VF2Layout and VF2PostLayout to stop shuffling the coupling map nodes by
default. The theory behind the node shuffling is that since we limit the
search space in the interest of runtime shuffling the node indices would
change the search order to hopefully find a match that would be
otherwise missed because we hit the internal state visit limit. However,
this is showing in practice not to having a huge impact, especially
since we're using the ordering heuristic from vf2++ that orders nodes by
degree for the vf2 search. However, in the case of a circuit that was
hardware efficient this can have the negative effect of making it harder
for vf2 to find potential matches, especially on regular lattices. For
example, in cases of a square grid lattice coupling map, and a path
interaction graph (e.g. 0->1->2->3) the shuffling makes it much harder
to find the mapping. This is because the lattice graphs the node degree
is the same (or fall into the same few types of nodes) so the influence
of the vf2++ heuristic isn't as significant and the index order has a
larger impact because it is the search order for vf2. For smaller graphs
this wasn't as noticeable but as devices scale up this effect has more of
an impact.

Since we rely solely on VF2 to find a perfect layout at higher
optimization levels this shuffling is not desireable because we always
want to find the perfect layout if it exists, especially for hardware
efficient circuits that are constructed to not require swaps. So
prioritizing the results for hardware efficient circuits is desireable
by default.

From an API impact perspective this doesn't change any of the interfaces
or defaults for the VF2 passes in the interest of backwards
compatibility. The only change is that this updates how we instantiate
the VF2 passes to always use a deterministic node ordering independent
of any user specified seed. This will be fully deterministic even in
cases the user specifies a seed value for the transpilation, the output
just might not be the same as before with the fixed seed; which is not
guaranteed between releases.
@mtreinish mtreinish added Changelog: None Do not include in changelog mod: transpiler Issues and PRs related to Transpiler labels Nov 25, 2024
@mtreinish mtreinish added this to the 1.3.0 milestone Nov 25, 2024
@mtreinish mtreinish requested a review from a team as a code owner November 25, 2024 22:25
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@mtreinish mtreinish added the stable backport potential The bug might be minimal and/or import enough to be port to stable label Nov 25, 2024
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